International Journal of Molecular Ecology and Conservation, 2025, Vol.15, No.2, 63-73 http://ecoevopublisher.com/index.php/ijmec 71 natural defense mechanism of plants. With the maturity of gene editing technology, Chrysanthemum morifolium resistance breeding is moving towards a more efficient and precise direction. 7.3 Combining biological control with precision agriculture The integration of modern information technology and traditional biological control has created a new model for pest and disease management. The intelligent monitoring system collects environmental data in real time through a sensor network and combines AI algorithms to predict the trend of pest and disease occurrence. This technology not only optimizes the application scheme of antagonistic strains (such as Bacillus siamensis) (Sha et al., 2023), but also dynamically adjusts the natural enemy release strategy (Zhang et al., 2019). Data-driven precision control has greatly improved management efficiency and provided a new paradigm for sustainable agricultural production (Chen et al., 2018). 7.4 Building eco-friendly pest and disease management systems Eco-friendly control requires multi-technical collaborative innovation. The application of biochar has shown multiple benefits: improving soil structure, enhancing microbial diversity, and inhibiting soil-borne diseases (Chen et al., 2018). Highly effective antagonistic strains such as Bacillus siamensis have a significant inhibitory effect on leaf spot pathogen (Nigrospora oryzae) (Sha et al., 2023), providing a new option for green control. Combined with intelligent monitoring technology, these measures have constructed a full-process control chain of "monitoring-early warning-intervention" (Xu et al., 2021), which not only ensures production safety but also maintains ecological balance. 8 Concluding Remarks In recent years, Chrysanthemum morifoliumhas made many breakthroughs in biological control of diseases and insect pests. As an efficient soil conditioning material, biochar not only improves the physical and chemical properties of the soil, but also has a positive impact on the structure of the microbial community, showing a significant effect in inhibiting soil-borne pathogens such as Fusarium oxysporum. This type of ecological regulation method has shown unique advantages in promoting yield increase and quality improvement. Chrysanthemum morifolium exhibits unique defensive characteristics when dealing with pest attacks. When the larvae of the Spodoptera litura feed on the leaves, the plants release specific volatile terpenes, which can accurately attract natural enemy insects and form a natural biological defense network. This defense mechanism based on chemical ecology provides a new idea for pest control. In terms of cultivation technology innovation, the grafting combination of Chrysanthemum morifoliumand Artemisia capillaris shows significant advantages. This technology not only improves the growth potential of the plant, but also enhances its resistance to aphids, demonstrating the application potential of plant resistance induction technology. Based on this kind of research foundation, a multi-dimensional integrated biological control system is gradually replacing the traditional management method that relies on chemical agents. By integrating plant innate immune regulation, soil microecological regulation and genetic improvement of excellent varieties, this system effectively alleviates the dependence on external inputs in agricultural production, and also plays a positive role in reducing pesticide residues and food safety risks. Future research will focus on three key directions: in-depth analysis of defense-related gene regulatory networks, optimization of biochar application technical parameters, and development of new resistant variety breeding technology. The systematic integration of these technologies will promote the transformation of Chrysanthemum morifoliumcultivation to an environmentally friendly model. Through the collaborative innovation of molecular biology and ecological control, it is expected to establish a more efficient and environmentally friendly Chrysanthemum morifoliumproduction system, providing solid technical support for the realization of sustainable agricultural development. Acknowledgments Thank you to the reviewers for providing suggestions and recommendations to improve this study..
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