International Journal of Molecular Ecology and Conservation, 2025, Vol.15, No.2, 63-73 http://ecoevopublisher.com/index.php/ijmec 63 Research Insight Open Access Research on Biological Control Technologies and Mechanism Analysis of Common Pests and Diseases inChrysanthemum morifolium(Hangbaiju) Jianli Lu 1, Chuchu Liu 2 1 Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, Cuixi Academy of Biotechnology, Zhuji, 311800, China 2 Institute of Life Sciences, Jiyang Colloge of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China Corresponding author: chuchu.liu@@cuixi.org International Journal of Molecular Ecology and Conservation, 2025, Vol.15, No.2 doi: 10.5376/ijmec.2025.15.0007 Received: 26 Jan., 2025 Accepted: 28 Feb., 2025 Published: 15 Mar., 2025 Copyright © 2025 Lu and Liu, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Lu J.L., and Liu C.C., 2025, Research on biological control technologies and mechanism analysis of common pests and diseases in Chrysanthemum morifolium (Hangbaiju), International Journal of Molecular Ecology and Conservation, 15(2): 63-73 (doi: 10.5376/ijmec.2025.15.0007) Abstract Chrysanthemum morifolium pest and disease control is ushering in a green transformation, and biological control technology has become a key solution due to its environmentally friendly characteristics. This study comprehensively sorted out the current mainstream biological control systems, covering multiple dimensions such as microbial antagonism, natural enemy regulation, botanical pesticides and ecological management, deeply analyzed their mechanisms of action and evaluated their application prospects. In the field of microbial control, Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum have shown excellent disease inhibition capabilities. These beneficial microorganisms work through a dual mechanism: on the one hand, they secrete antimicrobial active substances to directly inhibit pathogens, and on the other hand, they activate the plant's own immune defense system. Natural enemy insects such as ladybugs and lacewings have built a natural pest control network, which has a significant control effect on common pests such as aphids and red spiders. In terms of botanical pesticides, natural ingredients such as matrine and tea tree essential oil have attracted much attention due to their broad-spectrum antibacterial and insect repellent properties. Field practice has confirmed that the integration of multiple biological control methods can produce a synergistic effect and achieve a win-win situation of economic benefits and ecological protection. This study not only provides a systematic solution for the green production of chrysanthemum, but also provides a practical example for promoting sustainable agricultural development. Keywords Chrysanthemum morifolium; Biological control; Microbial agents; Natural enemy insects; Plant-derived pesticides 1 Introduction Chrysanthemum morifolium is an important economic crop with medicinal, edible and ornamental value. Its cultivation process is often plagued by various diseases and pests (Sha et al., 2023; Lyu et al., 2024). Although traditional chemical control is effective, it has caused a series of environmental and ecological problems: increased pest resistance, destruction of beneficial biological communities and hidden dangers to agricultural product safety (Xu et al., 2021). More seriously, non-point source pollution caused by pesticide residues is threatening the stability of agricultural ecosystems (Chen et al., 2018), which has prompted researchers to turn to more sustainable green control strategies. Biological control technology has shown unique advantages. Bacillus siamensis can effectively inhibit leaf spot caused by Nigrospora oryzae (Sha et al., 2023); volatile terpenes released by Chrysanthemum morifolium itself build an indirect defense network by attracting natural enemies (Xu et al., 2021). These control measures based on ecological interactions not only avoid the negative impact of chemical pesticides, but also maintain farmland biodiversity. This study will systematically sort out the latest progress in biological control of Chrysanthemum morifolium, focusing on analyzing the synergistic mechanism of antagonistic microorganisms, natural enemy insects and plant-derived active substances. This study will also evaluate the field performance of different biological control factors to provide a scientific basis for the establishment of an efficient and environmentally friendly pest and disease management system, and help the sustainable development of the Chrysanthemum morifoliumindustry.
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