International Journal of Molecular Ecology and Conservation 2024 Vol.14, No.1, 1-9 http://ecoevopublisher.com/index.php/ijmec 2 This study will combine the latest research findings and case studies to provide a comprehensive analysis in order to better understand the relationship between grassland plant genome stability and ecosystem immunity. Through in-depth research, promote the protection and management of grassland ecosystems, promote the progress of ecological research, and provide scientific basis for future environmental protection. 2 Definition and Measurement of Genome Stability of Grassland Plants The genome stability of grassland plants is an important component of ecosystem stability, which has complex relationships with environmental factors, internal genetic factors, and ecosystem characteristics. By conducting in-depth research on the definition, measurement methods, and influencing factors of genome stability, we can better understand the role of genome stability in grassland ecosystems, provide a foundation for the study of ecosystem immunity, and provide strong support for the protection and management of grassland ecosystems. 2.1 Concept of genome stability Genome stability refers to the stability ability of grassland plant genomes to internal and external pressures, which focuses on the maintenance and recovery ability of genome structure and function in the face of various disturbances and pressures. The concept of genome stability emphasizes the crucial role of the genome in maintaining the integrity of genetic information, reducing mutations, and maintaining normal growth and development. In grassland ecosystems, varying degrees of genome stability may affect the survival and reproductive ability of plant individuals and communities, thereby having a profound impact on the stability of the entire ecosystem. 2.2 Measurement methods for genome stability In order to study and quantify the genome stability of grassland plants, researchers use multiple measurement methods. One commonly used method is to evaluate genome stability by measuring the speed of DNA damage and repair. This can include measuring DNA single strand breaks, double strand breaks, base damage, etc. (Wang et al., 2021). Another method is to evaluate genome stability by analyzing the expression levels of DNA repair related genes. Higher gene expression levels are usually associated with higher genome stability. In addition, researchers can also use molecular marker techniques, such as microsatellite markers or SNP markers, to study genome differences between different plant individuals and understand their stability. 2.3 Factors affecting genome stability Genome stability is influenced by various factors, some of which are closely related to environmental and internal genetic factors. Environmental factors include radiation, chemicals, climate change, soil conditions, etc., which can directly or indirectly affect genome stability. Internal genetic factors include DNA repair mechanisms, genetic diversity, and genotype (Nisa et al., 2019). The genome stability may vary among different plant species and individuals, which is related to their genetic background and ecological characteristics. In addition, the structure and function of ecosystems can also affect the genome stability of grassland plants, for example, species diversity and niche distribution may have an impact on genome stability. 3 Overview of the Ecosystem Immunity Understanding the definition, composition, and relationship between vulnerability and stability of ecosystem immunity is crucial for better understanding the function and ecological balance of ecosystems. In the face of increasingly severe environmental challenges and disturbances, in-depth research and protection of the ecosystem immunity are of great significance for maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance on Earth. 3.1 Definition of ecosystem immunity The definition of ecosystem immunity refers to the ability of an ecosystem to respond to external disturbances and environmental changes. It includes the stability, resilience, and resilience of ecosystems. The stability of an
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