IJMEB_2025v15n1

1 Introduction	54
2 Historical Origin of Cannabis	55
2.1 Archaeological and genetic evidence tracing th	55
2.2 Geographical regions of initial cultivation	55
3 Process of Domestication	57
3.1 Changes in plant morphology and chemistry due	57
3.2 Comparison between wild varieties and domestic	57
4 Cultural Significance and Historical Uses	57
4.1 Use of cannabis in traditional medicine, relig	57
4.2 Legal status and societal perceptions through	58
5 Global Spread from East to West	58
5.1 Routes of cannabis spread across continents	58
5.2 Influence of trade routes	58
Figure 2 Pleistocene (upper panel) and Holocene (l	59
Image caption: In the Pleistocene panel, post-glac	59
6 Modern Cultivation and Breeding Techniques	60
6.1 Advances in genetic modification and breeding	60
6.2 Impact of technology on cultivation practices	60
7 Case Study: Domestication and Dissemination of a	60
7.1 The origin, domestication process and spreadin	60
7.2 Discuss the genetic improvements made and thei	61
8 Legalization Movements Worldwide	62
8.1 Overview of global shifts in cannabis legislat	62
8.2 Economic, social, and medical drivers behind l	62
9 Current Challenges and Controversies	62
9.1 Legal, ethical, and health-related controversi	62
9.2 Environmental impact of cannabis cultivation	63

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