International Journal of Molecular Evolution and Biodiversity 2024, Vol.14, No.5, 241-251 http://ecoevopublisher.com/index.php/ijmeb 249 With the continuous advancements in genomic technologies, sustained investment in fig genomic research is crucial for the sustainability and enhancement of fig agriculture. Genomic studies not only reveal the genes and epigenetic mechanisms that lead to genetic diversity but also enable the identification of key genetic loci associated with important agronomic traits, driving targeted breeding strategies. Furthermore, a deeper understanding of the fig genome will aid in developing new varieties resistant to diseases and adaptable to various environmental stresses, which are essential for addressing climate change and preserving biodiversity. The expansion of genomic research can optimize existing breeding programs and has significant implications for ensuring the long-term sustainability of the global fig industry. As our knowledge of this ancient crop's genetic foundation deepens, the future of fig breeding and cultivation looks increasingly promising. Through these studies, we can better utilize the genetic resources of figs to provide innovative solutions for agricultural production, meeting the growing market demands. Acknowledgments EcoEvo Publisher thanks the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions that improved the manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Achtak H., Ater M., Oukabli A., Santoni S., Kjellberg F., and Khadari B., 2010, Traditional agroecosystems as conservatories and incubators of cultivated plant varietal diversity: the case of fig (Ficus carica L.) in Morocco, BMC Plant Biology, 10: 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-10-28 Ashraf M., Hou D., Hussain Q., Imran M., Pei J., Ali M., Shehzad A., Anwar M., Noman A., Waseem M., and Lin X., 2022, Entailing the next-generation sequencing and metabolome for sustainable agriculture by improving plant tolerance, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020651 Bartlett M., Moyers B., Man J., Subramaniam B., and Makunga N., 2022, The power and perils of de novo domestication using genome editing, Annual Review of Plant Biology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-053122-030653 Baumel A., Feliner G., Médail F., Malfa S., Guardo M., Kharrat M., Lakhal‐Mirleau F., Frelon V., Ouahmane L., Diadema K., Sanguin H., and Viruel J., 2021, Genome‐wide footprints in the carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) unveil a new domestication pattern of a fruit tree in the Mediterranean, Molecular Ecology, 31:4095-4111. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16563 Bazakos C., Alexiou K., Ramos-Onsins S., Koubouris G., Tourvas N., Xanthopoulou A., Mellidou I., Moysiadis T., Vourlaki I., Metzidakis I., Sergentani C., Manolikaki I., Michailidis M., Pistikoudi A., Polidoros A., Kostelenos G., Aravanopoulos F., Molassiotis A., and Ganopoulos I., 2023, Whole genome scanning of a Mediterranean basin hotspot collection provide new insights into olive tree biodiversity and biology, The Plant Journal: for Cell and Molecular Biology. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.16270 Beuzen N., Stear M., and Chang K., 2000, Molecular markers and their use in animal breeding, Veterinary Journal, 160(1): 42-52. https://doi.org/10.1053/TVJL.2000.0468 Brozynska M., Furtado A., and Henry R., 2016, Genomics of crop wild relatives: expanding the gene pool for crop improvement, Plant Biotechnology Journal, 14(4): 1070-1085. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12454 Burban E., Tenaillon M., and Rouzic A., 2021, Gene network simulations provide testable predictions for the molecular domestication syndrome, Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyab214 Charcosset A., and Moreau L., 2004, Use of molecular markers for the development of new cultivars and the evaluation of genetic diversity, Euphytica, 137: 81-94. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EUPH.0000040505.65040.75 Dar T., Akhter N., and Dar S., 2022, Editorial: epigenomic polymorphisms: the drivers of diversity and heterogeneity, Frontiers in Genetics, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.1008178 Denham T., 2007, Early fig domestication, or gathering of wild parthenocarpic figs?, Antiquity, 81: 457-461. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003598X00095326 Díez C., Trujillo I., Martinez-Urdiroz N., Barranco D., Rallo L., Marfil P., and Gaut B., 2015, Olive domestication and diversification in the Mediterranean Basin, The New Phytologist, 206(1): 436-447. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13181
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