International Journal of Molecular Evolution and Biodiversity 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 34-42 http://ecoevopublisher.com/index.php/ijmeb 41 other aspects. This limits our comprehensive understanding of high-altitude adaptability. The comprehensive effects of multiple factors interacting in high-altitude environments, such as oxygen concentration, temperature, and ultraviolet radiation, require more detailed research. The current research mostly considers a single factor and lacks systematic analysis of the interaction between multiple factors. To address these issues, future research can adopt a more global and multidimensional research design, delving into the genomic adaptability of populations in different high-altitude regions, including a comprehensive analysis of genetics and epigenetics. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and research of biodiversity in high-altitude ecosystems to comprehensively understand the impact of the environment on genome adaptability. Future research can expand to the interaction between populations, examining gene flow and adaptive changes between populations migrating to high-altitude areas and local residents. This helps to understand the evolutionary process of human migration and communication in terms of genome adaptation. The importance of these studies in understanding human genetic adaptability cannot be ignored. By conducting in-depth research on high-altitude ecosystems, we can not only reveal human genetic strategies when facing extreme environments, but also provide important references for various fields such as medicine, biology, and anthropology. A deeper understanding of the adaptability of the human genome not only helps prevent and treat related diseases, but also provides a new perspective for explaining human migration and cultural inheritance. Therefore, research in this field has profound significance in promoting the development of human genetics and ecology. References An D., Zhou Y., Li C.S., Xiao Q., Wang T., Zhang Y.T., Wu Y.R., Li Y.B., Chao D.Y., Messing J., and Wang W.Q., 2019, Plant evolution and environmental adaptation unveiled by long-read whole-genome sequencing of Spirodela, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(38): 18893-18899. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910401116 PMid:31484765 PMCid:PMC6754600 Capblancq T., Fitzpatrick M.C., Bay R.A., Exposito-Alonso M., and Keller S.R., 2020, Genomic prediction of (mal) adaptation across current and future climatic landscapes, Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 51: 245-269. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-020720-042553 Fan D.Y., Du B.Z., Wang P., and Quan X.J., 2018, The blood genomic DNA extraction kit was optimized in the plateau region, Zhongguo Shiyan Zhenduanxue (Chinese Journal of Laboratory Diagnosis), 22(5): 805-807. Gao W., Fu T.T., and Che J., 2019, High-altitude adaptive evolution in amphibians and reptiles:Status and prospect, Zhongguo Kexue (Scientia Sinica (Vitae)), 49(4): 345-360. https://doi.org/10.1360/N052018-00216 Levy A., Gonzalez I.S., Mittelviefhaus M., Clingenpeel S., Paredes S.H., Miao J.M., Wang K.R., Devescovi G., Stillman K., Monteiro F., Alvarez B.R., Lundberg D.S., Lu T.Y., Lebeis S., Jin Z., McDonald M., Klein A.P., Feltcher M.E., Rio T.G., Grant S.R., Doty S.L., Ley R.E., Zhao B.Y., Venturi V., Pelletier D.A., Vorholt J.A., Tringe S.G., Woyke T., and Dangl J.L., 2018, Genomic features of bacterial adaptation to plants, Nature Genetics, 50(1): 138-150. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-017-0012-9 PMid:29255260 PMCid:PMC5957079 Mallet R.T., Burtscher J., Richalet J.P., Millet G.P., and Burtscher M., 2021, Impact of high altitude on cardiovascular health: current perspectives, Vascular Health and Risk Management, 17: 317-335. https://doi.org/10.2147/VHRM.S294121 PMid:34135590 PMCid:PMC8197622 O’Brien K.A., Simonson T.S., and Murray A.J., 2020, Metabolic adaptation to high altitude, Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research, 11: 33-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coemr.2019.12.002 Pandey A., Jain R., Sharma A., Dhakar K., Kaira G.S., Rahi P., Dhyani A., Pandey N., Adhikari P., and Shouche Y.S., 2021, Plant growth promotion at low temperature by phosphate-solubilizing Pseudomonas spp. isolated from high-altitude Himalayan soil, Microbial Ecology, 82(3): 677-687. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-021-01702-1 PMid:33512536 Pu X.X., Chen Z.Y., Gao M.Z., He F.F., Cui Y.B., Zou D.L., 2023, Research progress of high altitude adaptation based on genomics, Qinghai Caoye (Qinghai Prataculture), 32(2): 25-28.
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