Triticeae Genomics and Genetics, 2025, Vol.16, No.4, 166-174 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/tgg 170 6 Case Study 6.1 Drought-tolerant wheat in the Indo-Gangetic plains In the Indo-Gangetic Plain, local researchers tested multiple wheat varieties in the field. They found several lines that can maintain high yields in drought and high temperature environments (Sareen et al., 2023b). These wheats usually have high biomass, high harvest index, and high thousand-grain weight, which are closely related to yield. Wheat with early heading and high tillering also performs well in adverse conditions (Figure 2) (Sareen et al., 2023a). For example, WS 2016-4 and WS 2016-12 can produce stable yields under normal, drought and high temperature conditions. This shows that in this environment, it is very valuable to carry out targeted breeding and variety selection. Figure 2 Correlation coefficients among various traits under TSIR-NS (A), TSRF-DR (B), LSIR-HT (C) and LSRF-DHT (D). Grain yield (GY) had a significant positive correlation with biomass (BM) under all conditions and BM had a significant positive correlation with plant height (PHT) and productive tillers (PTL). DH: Days to heading, DM: Days to maturity, GFD: Grain-filling duration, PHT: plant height, PTL: productive tillers, BM: biomass, GY: grain yield, HI: harvest index, SPKL: spike length, SPKLT: spikelets/spike, GN: grain number/spike, GW: grain weight/spike, TGW: 1000-grain weight. *, **, *** Significant at p < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001 respectively; empty cells represent non-significant correlation (Adopted from Sareen et al., 2023a)
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