Triticeae Genomics and Genetics, 2024, Vol.15, No.4, 185-195 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/tgg 193 7 Concluding Remarks Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) analysis in Triticeae has significantly advanced our understanding of the genetic basis of important agronomic traits. Various studies have demonstrated the utility of different QTL mapping approaches, such as QTL-seq, multiparental cross designs, and meta-analysis, in identifying QTLs associated with traits like grain yield, disease resistance, and physiological attributes. For instance, QTL-seq has been effectively used in rice to rapidly identify QTLs for traits such as resistance to fungal diseases and seedling vigor. In durum wheat, multiparental cross designs have provided a broader genetic basis and higher mapping resolution, identifying QTLs for yield and other agronomic traits across different environments. Meta-analyses have further refined these findings, consolidating QTLs into meta-QTLs with reduced confidence intervals, thereby enhancing the reliability and stability of QTLs for traits like grain yield and micronutrient content. Continued research in QTL analysis is crucial for several reasons. It enables the identification of stable and reliable QTLs that can be used in marker-assisted selection (MAS) to improve crop traits efficiently. The integration of advanced genomic tools and techniques, such as whole-genome resequencing and comparative genomics, can further enhance the precision of QTL mapping and the identification of candidate genes. Third, understanding the genetic basis of complex traits through QTL analysis can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these traits, facilitating the development of superior genotypes with enhanced yield, disease resistance, and stress tolerance. The application of QTL analysis in breeding programs can lead to the development of crops that are better adapted to changing environmental conditions, thereby ensuring food security. The future of QTL analysis in Triticeae looks promising, with several emerging trends and technologies poised to revolutionize the field. The use of high-throughput sequencing technologies and advanced bioinformatics tools will likely lead to more precise and comprehensive QTL mapping. Additionally, the integration of QTL analysis with other genomic approaches, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection, can enhance the accuracy and efficiency of breeding programs. Collaborative efforts and data sharing among researchers will also play a critical role in accelerating the discovery and application of QTLs in crop improvement. As we move forward, it is essential to focus on translating QTL research into practical breeding strategies that can address the challenges of modern agriculture, such as climate change, resource limitations, and the need for sustainable crop production. Acknowledgments The authors extend sincere thanks to two anonymous peer reviewers for their feedback on the manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Backes G., Graner A., Foroughi-Wehr B., Fischbeck G., Wenzel G., and Jahoor A., 1995, Localization of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for agronomic important characters by the use of a RFLP map in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 90: 294-302. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222217 PMid:24173906 Börner A., Schumann E., Fürste A., Cöster H., Leithold B., Röder M., and Weber W., 2002, Mapping of quantitative trait loci determining agronomic important characters in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivumL.), Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 105: 921-936. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-002-0994-1 PMid:12582918 Collard B., and Mackill D., 2008, Marker-assisted selection: an approach for precision plant breeding in the twenty-first century, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 363: 557-572. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2170 PMid:17715053 PMCid:PMC2610170 Crepieux S., Lebreton C., Servin B., and Charmet G., 2004, Quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection in multicross inbred designs, Genetics, 168: 1737-1749. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.104.028993 PMid:15579720 PMCid:PMC1448798
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