Triticeae Genomics and Genetics, 2024, Vol.15, No.2, 88-99 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/lgg 92 Figure 2 Distribution of QTLs on wheat chromosomes across different environments (Adapted from Li et al., 2020) Image caption: These QTLs are associated with quality traits such as grain protein content (GPC), grain hardness (GH), falling number (FN), and starch pasting characteristics; The orange, blue, purple, and black markers represent QTLs detected in different environments (E1, E2, E3) and those identified using the BLUP method; The discovery of these QTLs aids breeders in understanding the genetic basis of wheat quality formation under various environmental conditions. For instance, the figure shows that certain QTLs are consistently detected across multiple environments, indicating that the genetic factors in these regions may play significant roles in improving and stabilizing wheat quality; By identifying and utilizing these QTLs, targeted molecular marker-assisted selection can be employed to enhance the quality traits of wheat (Adapted from Li et al., 2020) Using phenotypic and genotypic analysis, the study identified 38 putative QTLs for 13 quality-related traits, such as grain protein content (GPC), kernel hardness, and thousand-kernel weight (TKW). These QTLs were spread across 14 chromosomes, explaining 7.9% to 16.8% of the phenotypic variation, highlighting the complex genetic basis of these traits. The study particularly noted significant QTLs on chromosomes like 1B, 1D, 5D, and 7A, which were involved in controlling GPC, a critical quality trait for bread-making. Moreover, the study revealed the potential of using marker-assisted selection (MAS) to improve wheat grain and bread-making quality, based on the identified QTLs. This genetic insight provides a valuable foundation for breeding strategies aimed at enhancing the quality of wheat according to specific consumer and industrial needs, thereby addressing the growing demands for high-quality wheat products.
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