Triticeae Genomics and Genetics, 2024, Vol.15, No.1, 56-65 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/tgg 64 decrease in nucleotide diversity. It further explores the diversity changes in specific gene regions during domestication and analyzes how these changes affect the genetic structure of barley. These findings not only enhance the understanding of the domestication history of barley, but also provide new perspectives for genetic improvement and breeding of barley. The study of the impact of domestication on barley nucleotide diversity is not only an academic pursuit, but also an important practice in ensuring food security and addressing global challenges. Through in-depth research and interdisciplinary cooperation, it is expected to unlock the genetic potential of barley, cultivate new varieties that are more adaptable to the environment, yield higher, and have better quality, and provide solid food security for the future of humanity. As mentioned in this study, domestication often accompanies a decrease in genetic diversity and targeted selection of specific genes. However, it is these choices that have gradually adapted barley to different growth environments and human needs. Therefore, future research should focus on the changes of specific genes during domestication and their response to environmental stress, in order to better understand the adaptability of barley. Acknowledgments We sincerely thank the peer reviewers for their in-depth analysis and valuable feedback on our manuscript，their evaluations and suggestions provide important perspectives for the improvement of the manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Beissinger T., Wang L., Crosby K., Durvasula A., Hufford M., and Ross-Ibarra J., 2015, Recent demography drives changes in linked selection across the maize genome, Nature Plants, 2: 16084. https://doi.org/10.1038/nplants.2016.84 Bellucci E., Bitocchi E., Ferrarini A., Benazzo A., Biagetti E., Klie S., Minio A., Rau D., Rodriguez M., Panziera A., Venturini L., Attene G., Albertini E., Jackson S., Nanni L., Fernie A., Nikoloski Z., Bertorelle G., Delledonne M., and Papa R., 2014, Decreased nucleotide and expression diversity and modified coexpression patterns characterize domestication in the common bean, Plant Cell, 26: 1901-1912. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.114.124040 PMid:24850850 PMCid:PMC4079357 Chen Y., Schreiber M., Bayer M., Dawson I., Hedley P., Lei L., Akhunova A., Liu C., Smith K., Fay J., Muehlbauer G., Steffenson B., Morrell P., Waugh R., and Russell J., 2022, The evolutionary patterns of barley pericentromeric chromosome regions, as shaped by linkage disequilibrium and domestication, The Plant Journal., 111: 1580-1594. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15908 PMid:35834607 PMCid:PMC9546296 Czajkowska B., Jones G., and Brown T., 2019, Diversity of a wall-associated kinase gene in wild and cultivated barley, PLoS ONE, 14(6): e0218526. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218526 PMid:31247008 PMCid:PMC6597065 Dawson I., Russell J., Powell W., Steffenson B., Thomas W., and Waugh R., 2015, Barley: a translational model for adaptation to climate change, The New phytologist, 206(3): 913-931. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13266 PMid:25605349 Fu Y., 2012, Population-based resequencing analysis of wild and cultivated barley revealed weak domestication signal of selection and bottleneck in the Rrs2 scald resistance gene region, Genome, 55(2): 93-104. https://doi.org/10.1139/G11-082 PMid:22272833 Haas M., Himmelbach A., and Mascher M., 2020, The contribution of cis- and trans-acting variants to gene regulation in wild and domesticated barley under cold stress and control conditions, Journal of Experimental Botany, 71: 2573-2584. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa036 Haudry A., Cenci A., Ravel C., Bataillon T., Bataillon T., Brunel D., Poncet C., Hochu I., Poirier S., Santoni S., Glémin S., and David J., 2007, Grinding up wheat: a massive loss of nucleotide diversity since domestication, Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24(7): 1506-1517. https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLBEV/MSM077 PMid:17443011
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzNQ==