Triticeae Genomics and Genetics, 2024, Vol.15, No.1, 44-55 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/tgg 44 Feature Review Open Access Triticeae in Global Food Security: Challenges and Prospects Renxiang Cai 1,2 1 Institute of Life Science, Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China 2 Zhejiang Agronomist College, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China Corresponding emali: rxcai@sina,com Triticeae Genomics and Genetics, 2024, Vol.15, No.1 doi: 10.5376/tgg.2024.15.0005 Received: 05 Jan., 2024 Accepted: 06 Feb., 2024 Published: 18 Feb., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Cai, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Cai R.X., 2024, Triticeae in global food security: challenges and prospects, Triticeae Genomics and Genetics, 15(1): 44-55 (doi: 10.5376/tgg.2024.15.0005) Abstract Against the backdrop of global population growth, intensified climate change, and resource scarcity, stable production of wheat crops such as wheat, barley, and rye is crucial for ensuring global food security. The Triticae plays a crucial role in global food security. This study focuses on analyzing the classification, genetic diversity, agricultural significance, and major challenges faced by the major species of the wheat family (wheat, barley, and rye), revealing the importance of Triticae crops in ensuring global food supply, providing nutritional value, and promoting sustainable agricultural development. At the same time, the impact of biotic and abiotic stress factors such as diseases and pests, drought, etc. on wheat yield was explored, as well as the prospects of improving wheat productivity through genetic breeding, biotechnology, and innovative agricultural practices. The aim is to provide scientific basis for the formulation of food security strategies and promote the healthy and stable development of the global food system. Keywords Maizu (Triticeae); Global food security; Wheat family; Genetic breeding; Biotechnology With the continuous growth of global population and the intensification of climate change, food security has become a common concern of the international community. As an important component of the global food system, wheat is not only one of the widely cultivated food crops in the world, but also an indispensable source of energy and nutrition in human diet. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the role of the wheat tribe in global food security, as well as the challenges and prospects it faces, is of crucial importance for ensuring global food supply and nutritional health. The Triticeae tribe, belonging to the subfamily Pooideae and family Poaceae, encompasses approximately 30 genera and 360 species, including some of the most economically significant temperate cereal crops such as wheat (Triticumspp.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Schnurbusch, 2019). These species are not only vital for their direct contribution to human nutrition but also for their role in agricultural sustainability and food security. The tribe also includes a substantial number of perennial species, which, despite their potential, have received less attention compared to their annual counterparts. Wheat and barley are critical to global food security, ranking second and fourth in world production, respectively, in 2016 (Schnurbusch, 2019). These cereals are fundamental sources of carbohydrates and proteins, contributing significantly to the daily energy intake of populations worldwide, especially in developing countries where they can provide up to 80% of the dietary energy (Schnurbusch, 2019). However, the yield gains of these crops have stagnated over the past two decades, particularly in high-yielding regions, posing a significant challenge to meeting future food demands (Schnurbusch, 2019). Additionally, the Triticeae tribe's genetic diversity, particularly in wild relatives, offers substantial potential for improving crop resilience to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity, which are major threats to global food supply (Nevo and Chen, 2010). This study aims to comprehensively review and analyze the role, challenges, and future development prospects of the wheat tribe in global food security. By conducting in-depth research on the genetic characteristics, cultivation techniques, pest and disease control, and industrial chain optimization of the wheat family, scientific basis and technical support are provided for the sustainable development of the wheat industry. Meanwhile, this study
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzNQ==