Triticeae Genomics and Genetics, 2024, Vol.15, No.1, 19-30 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/tgg 29 growth status and stress responses, researchers can better understand the relationship between genotype and phenotype. Future research will use more systems biology methods to build a comprehensive regulatory network for wheat crop stress tolerance traits by integrating multi-omics data such as genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. This will help to deeply understand the stress tolerance mechanism and provide a scientific basis for precision breeding. Using the latest genome editing technology to precisely manipulate stress tolerance genes in wheat crops will be an important direction in future breeding. This includes not just the knockout or knock-in of genes, but also the precise regulation of the underlying gene regulatory mechanisms. Future research will pay more attention to the interaction between environmental factors and genetic factors, especially how to maintain or enhance crop stress tolerance under changing climate conditions. This includes using advanced ecological models and big data analysis techniques to predict crop performance under different environmental conditions. Exploring and utilizing the genetic diversity of wild relatives of wheat crops will be an important way to enhance crop stress tolerance in the future. Wild germplasm resources contain many unique stress-tolerant genes. Introducing these genes into cultivated varieties through modern molecular breeding technology will greatly broaden the adaptability of crops. In view of the global and challenging nature of wheat crop research, strengthening international cooperation and sharing research results, data and technology will be crucial to meeting global food security challenges. Through international cooperation projects and platforms, the progress of research on stress tolerance traits of wheat crops can be accelerated. Important progress has been made in the field of genetic research on stress tolerance traits of wheat crops in the past decade. In the future, more precise and systematic research methods will be used to further explore and utilize the stress tolerance of wheat crops to meet the challenges faced by global food production. References Gahlaut V., Jaiswal V., Harindra S., Arun K.J., and Pushpendra K., 2021, Multi-Locus GWAS for grain weight-related traits under rain-fed conditions in common wheat (Triticum aestivumL.), Front. Plant Sci., 12: 758631. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.758631 PMid:34745191 PMCid:PMC8568012 Oyiga B.C., Sharma R.C. , Baum M., Ogbonnaya F.C., Leon J., and Ballvora A., 2018, Allelic variations and differential expressions detected at quantitative trait loci for salt stress tolerance in wheat , Plant Cell Environ , 41 : 919-935. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12898 PMid:28044314 Qaseem M.F. , Qureshi R., and Shaheen H., 2019, Genome-wide association analyzes for yield and yield-related traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL. ) under pre-anthesis combined heat and drought stress in field conditions , PLoS One, 14(3): e0213407. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213407 PMid:30883588 PMCid:PMC6422278 Saeideh J., Mohammad RB, Mansour O., Ali RA, Hadi A. and Pär KI, 2022, Genome-Wide association study (GWAS) and genome prediction of seedling salt tolerance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL.), BMC Plant Biology, 22: 581. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03936-8 PMid:36513980 PMCid:PMC9746167 Su Q.N., Zhang X.L. , Zhang W. , Zhang N., Song L.Q. , Liu L., Xue X., Liu G.T., Liu J.J., Meng D.Y., Zhi L.Y. ,Ji J., Zhao X.Q., Yang C.L., Tong Y.P., Liu Z.Y., and Li J.M., 2018, QTL detection for kernel size and weight in bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) using a high-density SNP and SSR-based linkage map , Front Plant Sci., 9: 1484. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01484 PMid:30364249 PMCid:PMC6193082 Sukumaran S., Reynolds M.P., and Sansaloni C., 2018, Genome-wide association analyzes identify QTL hotspots for yield and component traits in durum wheat grown under yield potential, drought, and heat stress environments , Frontiers in P lant Science, 9: 81. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00081 PMid:29467776 PMCid:PMC5808252 Sun C., Zhang F., Yan X., Zhang X., Dong Z., Cui D., and Chen F., 2017, Genome-wide association study for 13 agronomic traits reveals distribution of superior alleles in bread wheat from the Yellow and Huai Valley of China , Plant Biotechnol J., 15: 953-969. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12690 PMid:28055148 PMCid:PMC5506658
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