Rice Genomics and Genetics 2025, Vol.16, No.5, 282-293 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/rgg 282 Feature Review Open Access Climate-Resilient Rice Farming Techniques for Sustainable Production Mingliang Jin, Danyan Ding Institute of Life Sciences, Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China Corresponding email: danyan.ding@jicat.org Rice Genomics and Genetics, 2025, Vol.16, No.5 doi: 10.5376/rgg.2025.16.0025 Received: 02 Sep., 2025 Accepted: 12 Oct., 2025 Published: 28 Oct., 2025 Copyright © 2025 Jin and Ding, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Jin M.L., and Ding D.Y., 2025, Climate-resilient rice farming techniques for sustainable production, Rice Genomics and Genetics, 16(5): 282-293 (doi: 10.5376/rgg.2025.16.0025) Abstract Rice is the cornerstone of global food security, but climate change poses a major threat to its sustainable production. This study systematically explores the challenges posed by climate change to rice cultivation, including rising temperatures, water shortages, and the increasing prevalence of pests and diseases, and evaluates the corresponding solutions. We highlight the progress in breeding climate-resilient rice varieties through conventional breeding and molecular technologies, implementing innovative soil and water management practices such as alternating wetting and drying (AWD) and conservation tillage, and integrated pest and disease management strategies. In addition, we explore the role of diversified agricultural ecosystems, technological innovations such as artificial intelligence and Internet of Things-based decision support tools, and the criticality of supporting policies and farmer capacity building. Successful cases in Bangladesh, the Philippines, and Vietnam demonstrate the practical effectiveness of these approaches. This study argues that building a climate-resilient rice cultivation system must adopt a comprehensive and multidimensional strategy that combines breeding innovation, smart agronomic practices, technology application, and policy support, and calls for future research to focus on genome editing, participatory breeding, and the construction of an overall climate-smart agricultural landscape. Keywords Climate-resilient rice farming; Sustainable rice production; Climate change adaptation; Water and soil management; Agroecological diversification 1 Introduction Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world's population (Jat et al., 2022). Especially in Asia, where there are some areas that are particularly dependent on rice, rice almost supports most of the food security and social stability. However, its role is far more than just filling the stomach. The economic development of many countries, the livelihoods of ordinary people, and even the political situation in some regions are inseparable from the support of rice (Jamal et al., 2023). Unfortunately, climate change is making this dependence more and more fragile. Temperatures are rising, rainfall is becoming abnormal, extreme weather is no longer surprising, and coastal and low-lying areas are also subject to salt erosion all year round (Li et al., 2023; Irwandhi et al., 2024). These problems come one after another, and rice production is naturally hit. Traditional planting methods already have some old problems, such as high greenhouse gas emissions and serious waste of resources (Mohapatra et al., 2023; Praharaj et al., 2023), and these problems will only get worse under climate pressure. Of course, climate is not the only problem. Land is shrinking, fewer people are willing to work in the fields, and farming is becoming less profitable - these problems together make the vulnerability of rice production more obvious (Li et al., 2024a). The main purpose of this study is to sort out which rice planting technologies are more resilient and sustainable in the context of climate change. These include direct-seeding rice, rice intensive cropping system (SRI), improved irrigation and drainage methods, planting new stress-resistant varieties, and using regenerative soil conditioners. These methods not only help rice survive climate shocks, but also take into account environmental protection and economic benefits. This study will also focus on whether these technologies can be promoted, how effective they are in different regions, and what policy support may be needed behind them. Ultimately, we hope to find some reliable guarantees for rice yields and farmers' livelihoods in an uncertain future.
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