Rice Genomics and Genetics 2025, Vol.16, No.5, 267-281 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/rgg 279 green transformation of agriculture. It combines the traditional experience of duck farming in rice fields with modern scientific farming techniques to explore a path for the coordinated development of food production and ecological environment. Studies have shown that compared with single planting, the rice-duck symbiotic farming system can reduce the input of pesticides and fertilizers, control agricultural non-point source pollution, improve biodiversity and soil fertility, and realize the transformation of the agricultural production system from "high input and high pollution" to "low input and low pollution" without significantly reducing rice yields. This is highly consistent with the country's strategy of promoting high-quality agricultural development and building a beautiful China. Rice-duck symbiotic farming is not only a simple combination of farming and breeding, but also represents a new agricultural value and production paradigm: emphasizing the use of biological reciprocity and ecological cycles to replace dependence on industrial chemicals. This has a demonstrative significance for solving the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution and repairing damaged farmland ecology. In addition, the safe and high-quality agricultural products produced by rice-duck symbiotic farming meet people's growing demand for healthy food and provide a new path for farmers to increase their income. Some practices have proved that farmers who adopt rice-duck symbiotic farming have significantly increased their income and embarked on the road to ecological prosperity. Therefore, the promotion of the rice-duck co-cultivation system will help my country's agriculture shift from a production-oriented to a quality-oriented approach, and accelerate the green transformation of achieving a "win-win" situation for agricultural production and ecological benefits. Based on the experience of rice-duck co-cultivation, the improvement of the service function of the rice field ecosystem requires systematic measures based on the overall agricultural ecosystem. First, the integrated rice field farming model, including rice-duck co-cultivation, should be vigorously promoted. Integrated farming can provide food while outputting other ecological products (such as poultry meat and aquatic products) and service functions (such as insect control and fertile land) by optimizing the food chain structure and material circulation pathway of farmland. This is seen as an important way to improve the multifunctionality of agricultural ecosystems. Secondly, strengthen the research and development and application of ecological inputs, such as organic fertilizers, biological pesticides, and biological traps, to gradually replace chemical inputs and reduce disturbances to the environment. At the same time, use information technology and the Internet of Things to dynamically monitor farmland ecological indicators (insect population density, soil nutrients, water quality, etc.), achieve precise regulation, and ensure that ecological measures are implemented in place. Thirdly, build a good policy support system to encourage farmers to adopt ecological farming and raise their enthusiasm through subsidies and technical services. Furthermore, it is possible to consider incorporating the improvement of farmland ecological services into the assessment of agricultural subsidies, rewarding farmers who reduce fertilizers and pesticides and protect habitat diversity, and guiding the transformation of production methods from a policy perspective. Finally, cultivating the market for ecological agricultural products is also an indispensable part. When consumers are willing to pay a premium for eco-friendly products, the external value of ecological agriculture can be internalized as producer benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to improve ecological certification and carry out publicity and education to make the whole society aware of the importance of farmland ecological services, thereby forming a good atmosphere for supporting ecological agriculture. The successful practice of the rice-duck co-cultivation model proves the feasibility of the above path. As long as the government, scientific research, and the market work together, a sustainable development path that gives equal importance to improving farmland ecological services, ensuring food security, and increasing farmers' income can be found. Looking to the future, the rice-duck co-cultivation system will achieve greater development in the direction of scale and intelligence. On the one hand, with the advancement of technology and the maturity of the model, rice-duck co-cultivation is expected to break through the current small-scale decentralized operation and move towards regionalized and intensive development. In suitable areas, a rice-duck co-cultivation demonstration area of 10 000 mu can be established to form an integrated industrial chain of production, processing, and sales to enhance competitiveness. Through large-scale operation, unified varieties and unified management, it is easier to achieve mechanization and standardization, which will help reduce costs and improve production stability. On the other hand, modern information technology and equipment will deeply empower rice-duck co-cultivation and
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