Rice Genomics and Genetics 2025, Vol.16, No.4, 180-198 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/rgg 191 The adoption of green control technology not only ensures the ecological safety of rice production, but also improves the quality and safety level of agricultural products. The traditional reliance on chemical pesticides has brought environmental pollution and food safety risks. For example, the abuse of broad-spectrum pesticides has caused ecological imbalance in rice fields and outbreaks of brown planthoppers. Green control has reduced the input of chemical pesticides through multiple measures and achieved effective control of major pests and diseases. For example, rice blast and rice false smut did not cause substantial losses to new varieties throughout the demonstration season, borers and planthoppers only occurred sporadically, and there was no concern about excessive pesticide residues in rice. Studies have shown that integrating ecological control, biological control and scientific use of pesticides in rice production can maintain a low level of rice field pests while ensuring rice yields and farmers' income (Hajjar et al., 2023). In rice fields that adopt green control technology, the rice yield per mu is significantly higher than that of those that do not adopt it, and the loss rate of pests and diseases is significantly reduced. The practice of this demonstration is consistent with this. It can be said that green control provides a strong guarantee for the high and stable yield of new varieties, and it is also the only way for modern rice production. Yuhang District and other places have promoted the experience of Dahao Village, promoted green control technology for rice pests and diseases throughout the district, and increased farmers' adoption rate through government subsidies and technical training, achieving a win-win situation of reducing chemical pesticides and increasing rice production efficiency. 6 Case Study: Comprehensive Evaluation of Representative Varieties 6.1 Comparative analysis of hybrid rice “Yongyou 33” and “Jiangliangyou 7901” As the two major indica-japonica hybrid rice varieties that performed outstandingly in this demonstration, "Yongyou 33" and "Jiang Liangyou 7901" have both commonalities and characteristics in growth traits and comprehensive performance. In terms of yield performance, both varieties are high-yield types: in the large-scale demonstration, the average per-acre yield of "Yongyou 33" in 100 acres of continuous plots reached about 780 kilograms, and the per-acre yield of "Jiang Liangyou 7901" in small-scale demonstrations was also stable at more than 750 kilograms. This is significantly higher than the average yield of conventional japonica rice in the same period, reflecting the yield-increasing advantage of hybrid rice. "Yongyou 33" is one of the important varieties for high-yield research in the county because of its larger demonstration area and more outstanding stability in yield increase. In terms of plant type and lodging resistance, "Yongyou 33" has a moderate to high plant height but strong stems, large ears with many grains and evenly spaced ears, showing strong lodging resistance. In the high temperature, drought and local windy weather in 2024, "Yongyou 33" basically did not lodging. This is related to its genetic characteristics of both semi-dwarf and thick stalks. At the same time, its root system is well-developed and solid, and has strong grip on the soil. In contrast, "Jiangliangyou 7901" has a slightly shorter plant height (about 125 cm), but because the ears are larger and heavier, lodging and tilting may occur locally in the later stage when nitrogen fertilizer management is improper. Base technicians observed that the support of the lower stems of 7901 was slightly insufficient after excessive topdressing, indicating that its lodging resistance was slightly inferior to that of "Yongyou 33", and it was necessary to prevent lodging by controlling nitrogen fertilizer in the later stage during production. In terms of stress resistance, the high temperature resistance of "Yongyou 33" is particularly prominent. In the summer of 2024, the south of the Yangtze River region experienced continuous high temperatures, but the heading and flowering of "Yongyou 33" were basically normal, and the fruit set rate remained above 85%, without high-temperature forced emptying. "Jiang Liangyou 7901" has an earlier growth period and has entered the grain filling stage at the hottest time, so it is relatively well protected from high temperatures, but its overall heat resistance is also acceptable and has not been affected by high temperatures on a large scale. However, both varieties are weak in insect resistance and both need to strengthen pest and disease control. "Yongyou 33" is susceptible to rice planthoppers and leaf rollers; "Jiang Liangyou 7901" is susceptible to oviposition by the Chilo suppressalis during the heading stage due to its early maturity. Fortunately, the base has basically controlled the damage of borers by using sex attractants to kill them. In terms of maturity and color fading and quality, "Yongyou 33" has uniform color change in the later stage, mature live stalks, bright yellow rice, low broken rice rate, and good rice appearance, which is favored by the market and processing companies;
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzNA==