Rice Genomics and Genetics 2025, Vol.16, No.3, 132-139 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/rgg 138 Rice-fish integrated farming systems offer strategic value in building sustainable agriculture by enhancing productivity while maintaining ecological balance. These systems provide a model for sustainable intensification, where increased production does not come at the expense of environmental health. By reducing reliance on chemical inputs and promoting biodiversity, integrated systems can contribute to food security and economic stability, particularly in developing regions facing the dual challenges of population growth and environmental stress. As such, they represent a critical component in the transition towards more sustainable agricultural practices globally. Acknowledgments Thanks to the reviewers for their valuable feedback, which helped improve the manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Arumugam R., Sivalingam R., Murugesan S., Perumal C., Manivelu R., Subramaniam A., Padmanaban B., Natarajan K., and Arunagirinathan I., 2025, Impact of diverse enterprises on productivity, profitability, employment creation, and energy management of integrated farming system under lowland conditions of Tamil Nadu, India, Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology, 13(3): 185-193. https://doi.org/10.7324/jabb.2025.201617 Arunrat N., and Sereenonchai S., 2022, Assessing ecosystem services of rice-fish co-culture and rice monoculture in Thailand, Agronomy, 12(5): 1241. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12051241 Fu H., Li N., Cheng Q., Liao Q., Nie J., Yin H., Shu C., Li L., Wang Z., Sun Y., Chen Z., Ma J., Zhang X., Li L., and Yang Z., 2024, Energy, environmental, and economic benefits of integrated paddy field farming, Energy, 297: 131251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131251 Hou J., Styles D., Cao Y., and Ye X., 2020, The sustainability of rice-crayfish coculture systems: a mini review of evidence from Jianghan Plain in China, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 101(9): 3843-3853. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.11019 Hou J., Wang X., Xu Q., Cao Y., Zhang D., and Zhu J., 2021, Rice-crayfish systems are not a panacea for sustaining cleaner food production, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28: 22913-22926. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12345-7 Hu L., Zhang J., Ren W., Guo L., Cheng Y., Li J., Li K., Zhu Z., Zhang J., Luo S., Cheng L., Tang J., and Chen X., 2016, Can the co-cultivation of rice and fish help sustain rice production? Scientific Reports, 6: 28728. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep28728 Ibrahim L., Shaghaleh H., Abu-Hashim M., Elsadek E., and Hamoud Y., 2023, Exploring the integration of rice and aquatic species: insights from global and national experiences, Water, 15(15): 2750. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15152750 Jewel M., Haque M., Ali S., Pervin M., Ahmed M., Islam M., Hossain M., Albeshr M., and Arai T., 2023, Integration of vegetables and fish with rice in rain-fed farmland: towards sustainable agriculture, Agriculture, 13(4): 755. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13040755 Li W., He Z., Wu L., Liu S., Luo L., Ye X., Gao H., and Ma C., 2022, Impacts of co-culture of rice and aquatic animals on rice yield and quality: a meta-analysis of field trials, Field Crops Research, 280: 108468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2022.108468 Li Y., Wu T., Wang S., Xucan K., Zhong Z., Liu H., and Li J., 2023, Developing integrated rice-animal farming based on climate and farmers choices, Agricultural Systems, 204: 103554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2022.103554 Liu X., Shi Z., Zhang J., Sun D., and Wei H., 2022, Effects of integrated rice-animals co-culture on paddy soil and water properties and rice yield: a meta-analysis, Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 69: 2187-2201. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2022.2142571 Lv T., Wang C., Xu Y., Zhou X., Huang F., and Yu L., 2023, Impact of integrated rice-crayfish farming on soil aggregates and organic matter distribution, Agronomy, 14(1): 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14010016 Nayak P., Nayak A., Panda B., Lal B., Gautam P., Poonam A., Shahid M., Tripathi R., Kumar U., Mohapatra S., and Jambhulkar N., 2018, Ecological mechanism and diversity in rice based integrated farming system, Ecological Indicators, 91: 359-375. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ECOLIND.2018.04.025
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