Rice Genomics and Genetics 2025, Vol.16, No.3, 132-139 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/rgg 136 point, appealing to environmentally conscious consumers. Moreover, the potential for agrotourism in rice-fish co-culture systems can generate additional revenue and increase the economic value of these farming practices (Arunrat and Sereenonchai, 2022). The branding potential of integrated systems is further enhanced by their ability to meet food demands sustainably while ensuring ecological balance (Pearlin et al., 2024). 6 Case Study: Application of Rice-Fish Systems in Key Regions 6.1 Rice-duck co-culture model in Deqing, Zhejiang Rice-duck co-culture technology is a kind of Ecological Symbiosis mode of breeding ducks simultaneously when planting rice. This technology is based on the principle of mutual benefit between rice and duck. Ducks prey on pests to suppress pests and diseases, replace the use of chemical pesticides, and duck field activities promote the ventilation and light transmission of rice fields and the development of roots, and their excretions are converted into organic fertilizer, while reducing the amount of herbicides, improving rice quality and breeding income, and realizing green production of rice (Figure 2).Generally, more than 60% of chemical fertilizers and more than 50% of pesticides are saved, with significant cost savings and income increase. Figure 2 Rice-duck co-culture base of Changlin family farm, Xinshi Town, Deqing County (Photographed by Xiaoying Zhu) 6.2 Rice-turtle integration in Guigang, Guangxi Rice-turtle integration in Guigang, Guangxi, represents a unique adaptation of rice-fish systems, where turtles are co-cultured with rice. This system leverages the natural behaviors of turtles to control pests and weeds, thereby reducing the need for chemical inputs. The integration enhances biodiversity and contributes to ecological balance within the paddy fields. Although specific data on rice-turtle systems in Guigang is limited, similar integrated systems have shown increased economic returns and improved soil quality, as seen in other rice-animal co-culture models (Wan et al., 2019; Liu et al., 2022; Li et al., 2023). 6.3 Rice-shrimp co-culture in Fuzhou, Jiangxi In Fuzhou, Jiangxi, rice-shrimp co-culture has been implemented to optimize the use of paddy fields. This system has demonstrated significant economic benefits, with increased yields and reduced input costs compared to traditional rice monoculture. The rice-shrimp system enhances nutrient cycling and reduces pest populations, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices. Studies have shown that such systems can increase rice yield by 5%~7% and improve nutrient use efficiency, making them economically viable and environmentally sustainable (Hou et al., 2021; Yuan et al., 2022; Li et al., 2023). 6.4 Rice-fish eco-farming and agritourism in Yunnan Yunnan has embraced rice-fish eco-farming, integrating agritourism to boost local economies. This approach not only enhances rice yield and quality but also attracts tourists, providing additional income streams for farmers. The rice-fish system in Yunnan is part of a broader trend of ecological intensification, which has been shown to
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