Rice Genomics and Genetics 2025, Vol.16, No.1, 14-23 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/rgg 21 needed to investigate the long-term effects of INM on soil carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling, which is crucial for mitigating the impacts of climate change. The research should aim to develop region specific INM strategies, taking into account local soil conditions, crop types, and available organic resources. Implement a balanced combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers tailored to specific soil and crop needs to improve yield and soil health. Encourage the use of locally available organic materials such as poultry manure and farmyard manure to improve nutrient absorption and soil microbial activity. Raise farmers' awareness and training on the benefits of INM and the importance of maintaining soil health for sustainable agriculture. Support research programs aimed at understanding the interaction between soil microbiota and nutrient management practices to further optimize INM strategies. Develop policies that incentivize the adoption of INM practices, including subsidies for organic inputs and support for farmer education programs. Integrated nutrient management provides a promising way to improve rice quality and yield, while ensuring the sustainability of the agricultural system. By adopting strategic INM practices, both food security and environmental health can be enhanced simultaneously. Acknowledgments The author expresses deep gratitude to Professor R. Cai from the Zhejiang Agronomist College for his thorough review of the manuscript and constructive suggestions. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Bhardwaj A., Malik K., Chejara S., Rajwar D., Narjary B., and Chandra P., 2023, Integration of organics in nutrient management for rice-wheat system improves nitrogen use efficiency via favorable soil biological and electrochemical responses, Frontiers in Plant Science, 13: 1075011. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1075011 Can Z., Chen M., Li X., Dai Q., Xu K., Guo B., Yajie H., Wang W., and Huo Z., 2021, Effects of soil types and irrigation modes on rice root morphophysiological traits and grain quality, Agronomy, 11(1): 120. https://doi.org/10.3390/AGRONOMY11010120 Chivenge P., Zingore S., Ezui K., Njoroge S., Bunquin M., Dobermann A., and Saito K., 2022, Progress in research on site-specific nutrient management for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, Field Crops Research, 281: 108503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2022.108503 Chowdhury M., Rahman M., Billah M., and Saha B., 2024, Integrated nutrient management improves the nutritional quality and yield of black rice, Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 9(3): 442-448. https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2024.090306 Gao P., Wang H., Sun G., Xu Q., Dou Z., Dong E., Wu W., and Dai Q., 2023, Integrated emergy and economic evaluation of the dominant organic rice production systems in Jiangsu province, China, Frontiers in Plant Science, 14: 1107880. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1107880 Gong D., Zhang X., He F., Chen Y., Li R., Yao J., Zhang M., Zheng W., and Yu G., 2023, Genetic improvements in rice grain quality: a review of elite genes and their applications in molecular breeding, Agronomy, 13(5): 1375. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051375 Gosal S., Gill G., Sharma S., and Walia S., 2018, Soil nutrient status and yield of rice as affected by long-term integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers, Journal of Plant Nutrition, 41: 539-544. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2017.1392570 Gu J., Chen J., Chen L., Wang Z., Zhang H., and Yang J., 2015, Grain quality changes and responses to nitrogen fertilizer of japonica rice cultivars released in the Yangtze River Basin from the 1950s to 2000s, Crop Journal, 3: 285-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CJ.2015.03.007 Guo J., Hu X., Gao L., Xie K., Ling N., Shen Q., Hu S., and Guo S., 2017, The rice production practices of high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency in Jiangsu, China, Scientific Reports, 7: 2101. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02338-3 Kaur P., Saini K., Sharma S., Kaur J., Bhatt R., Alamri S., Alfagham A., and Hussain S., 2023, Increasing the efficiency of the rice-wheat cropping system through integrated nutrient management, Sustainability, 15(17): 12694. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151712694 Majhi P., Rahman F., and Bhattacharya, R., 2021, Continuous rice cropping system with integrated use of inorganic and organic sources of nutrients for soil quality improvement, International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 11(2): 109-123. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJECC/2021/V11I230367
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