Rice Genomics and Genetics 2025, Vol.16, No.1, 1-13 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/rgg 7 providing new strategies for hybrid rice breeding (Fan and Zhang, 2017; Song et al., 2020; Sun et al., 2021). By examining these case studies, we gain a comprehensive understanding of the diverse genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying male sterility in rice, paving the way for future innovations in hybrid rice breeding. Figure 3 Preventing the generation of cP-ΔCCA-tRNAs fully restores the male fertility of Zhu1S (Adopted from Yan et al., 2024) Image caption: a: Total levels of cP-ΔCCA-tRNAs in Zhu1, Zhu1S, and tms5 osvms1-1 grown in the field (2021, DAT, ~26.5 °C) by RcP-RNA-seq. B: Box plots show the global abundance of mature tRNAs in Zhu1, Zhu1S, and tms5 osvms1-1 grown in the field (2021, DAT, ~26.5 °C). c: Pollen fertility and plant morphology of tms5 osvms1-1, tms5 osvms1-2, and two independent complementation lines (OsVms1C-1 and OsVms1C-2) grown in the field (2021, DAT, ~26.5 °C). d: Statistical analysis of pollen fertility in c. e: Pollen fertility of tms5 osvms1-1, tms5 osvms1-2, and complementation line OsVms1C-1 at 22 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C. f: Statistical analysis of pollen fertility in e. Error bars indicate standard deviation (SD) (n=10 replicates). Significant differences were determined by oneway ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test with different letters at P<0.05 (Adopted from Yan et al., 2024)
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