Rice Genomics and Genetics 2024, Vol.15, No.5, 287-308 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/rgg 301 recurrent parent DT3 (64%) under submergence conditions (Figure 3) (Wu et al., 2021). Moreover, these lines maintained good yield and grain quality, demonstrating the gene's effectiveness in improving both survival and productivity under flood stress. Similarly, the presence of specific QTLs for stagnant flooding tolerance has been linked to better yield performance and plant height management, which are crucial for reducing lodging under prolonged waterlogged conditions (Singh et al., 2017; Kato et al., 2019). Figure 3 Characterization of BC3F5 lines and its parental lines, IR96321-315-240 and DT3, at rice seedling stage under submergences (Adopted from Wu et al., 2021) Image caption: (a) The phenotype of 21-day-old plants. (b) Phenotype of rice seedlings dewatering after 14 day submergence. (c) The phenotype of plants after 1 day of recovery from 14 day of submergence. (d) The phenotype of rice seedlings submerged for 14 day and then allowed to recover for 14 day. (e) Changes in plant height after submergence. (f) Total stem elongation rate (TSE%) of seedlings after 14 day submergence followed by 14 day recovery. (g) Survival rates of seedlings after 14 day submergence followed by 14 day recovery. Data are presented as the mean of three replications, and the bars represent the standard error of the mean (n =3). Values with the different letters are significantly different (p<0.05 by LSD test) (Adopted from Wu et al., 2021)
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