Rice Genomics and Genetics 2024, Vol.15, No.3, 106-120 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/rgg 110 Figure 1 Roadmap of de novo domestication of O. altaand its structures and genomic features (Adopted from Yu et al., 2021) Image caption: The figure details the domestication route of wild allotetraploid rice. A: The domestication route from wild allotetraploid rice to new crops is divided into four steps. This route includes the establishment of a reference genome, functional gene annotation, development of efficient transformation and gene editing systems, application of multiplex gene editing technology, and the certification and promotion of new crops; B: A comparison of the whole plants of cultivated rice (O. sativa) and wild rice (O. alta). The plant height of O. alta exceeds 2.7 meters, significantly taller than O. sativa, demonstrating its wild characteristics; C: The leaves of O. alta are wider and longer compared to O. sativa, reflecting the morphological traits of wild rice; D: A comparison of the panicles of O. alta and O. sativa. The panicle length of O. alta exceeds 48 centimeters with sparse spikelets, whereas O. sativa has relatively shorter panicles with dense spikelets; E: A comparison of the seeds of the two rice types. O. alta has smaller seeds with a thousand-grain weight of approximately 8.79 grams and awns longer than 4 centimeters; F: Various features of the O. alta genome, including the distribution of chromosomes, miRNA, gene density, and Gypsy and Copia elements. The results demonstrate significant differences in morphological and genomic characteristics between wild allotetraploid rice and cultivated rice, highlighting the feasibility and advantages of using gene editing technology for the rapid domestication of wild rice (Adapted from Yu et al., 2021)
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