Rice Genomics and Genetics 2024, Vol.15, No.2, 69-79 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/rgg 78 actual farmland, including interactions with other organisms, pressure from natural pathogens, etc., and these factors can be fully considered in field trials (Li et al., 2019). 6Outlook Molecular identification and molecular breeding of rice blast resistance genes are of great significance in modern agriculture. With the increase in global food demand, the production of rice, one of the major food crops, is threatened by various diseases, among which rice blast is one of the main diseases affecting rice yield and quality. Therefore, in-depth research on rice blast resistance genes and their application in molecular breeding are of great strategic significance for improving rice disease resistance and ensuring food security. The achievements and discoveries that have been made have laid the foundation for the molecular identification and molecular breeding of rice blast resistance genes. Through the development of genomics technology, scientists have successfully identified a series of genes related to rice blast resistance, such as Xa21. The discovery of these genes enables us to gain an in-depth understanding of the genetic mechanism of rice blast resistance and provides strong support for further research and breeding efforts. Future research directions include further exploring and identifying new rice blast resistance genes, and in-depth analysis of the specific mechanisms of these genes in the rice disease resistance process. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, we can more accurately analyze the sites related to rice blast resistance in the rice genome, thereby discovering more disease-resistant genes. In addition, researchers can also use functional genomics and other methods to conduct in-depth studies on the interaction between these genes and rice blast pathogens to provide more information for precision breeding. The possible application of new technologies and methods is key to advancing genetic research and molecular breeding for rice blast resistance. Gene editing technology based on CRISPR-Cas9 provides a powerful tool for precise modification of the rice genome. By using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, scientists can directly perform site-specific editing of rice genes to enhance or suppress specific genes. This provides a way to optimize disease resistance genes and improve rice disease resistance. In addition, the application of single-cell sequencing technology allows us to gain a deeper understanding of the changes at each cell level in the rice disease resistance mechanism, providing detailed information for revealing the functional mechanism of rice blast resistance genes. As research deepens, molecular breeding will play an even more important role in the future. By using technical means such as molecular marker-assisted breeding, genome selection, and gene editing, breeders can more accurately select and optimize rice genes and achieve efficient utilization of rice blast resistance genes. Molecular breeding can not only improve breeding efficiency, but also avoid some uncontrollable factors in traditional breeding, providing a more feasible way to breed more disease-resistant rice varieties. In the context of coping with climate change and global disease epidemics, molecular identification and molecular breeding of rice blast resistance genes will become important means to ensure food security. Through continuous in-depth research, we can expect to see the emergence of more efficient and stress-tolerant rice varieties resistant to rice blast in the future, making greater contributions to global food production. Acknowledgments The author extends sincere thanks to two anonymous peer reviewers for their invaluable feedback on the manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Bergman C.J., Fjellstrom R.G, and Mcclung A.M., 2000, Association between amylose content and a microsatellite marker across exotic rice germ-plasm, Ricc Genetics Symposium, (4): 22-27. Chakraborty M., Mahmud N.U., Ullah C., Mahfuzur R., and Tofazzal I., 2021, Biological and biorational management of blast diseases in cereals caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 41(7): 994-1022. https://doi.org/10.1080/07388551.2021.1898325
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