Maize Genomics and Genetics 2025, Vol.16, No.5, 276-283 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/mgg 276 Feature Review Open Access Optimizing Sowing Techniques for Enhanced Maize Production Jinhua Cheng, Wei Wang Institute of Life Sciences, Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China Corresponding author: wei.wang@jicat.org Maize Genomics and Genetics, 2025, Vol.16, No.5 doi: 10.5376/mgg.2025.16.0025 Received: 27 Aug., 2025 Accepted: 10 Oct., 2025 Published: 28 Oct., 2025 Copyright © 2025 Cheng and Wang, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Cheng J.H., and Wang W., 2025, Optimizing sowing techniques for enhanced maize production, Maize Genomics and Genetics, 16(5): 276-283 (doi: 10.5376/mgg.2025.16.0025) Abstract With the increasing demand for food security and efficient agricultural development, the optimization of corn sowing technology has become an important means to improve yield and resource utilization efficiency as the world's main food crop. This study systematically reviews the development status and technical points of corn sowing methods, sowing density and row spacing configuration, sowing period control and intelligent sowing equipment, analyzes the adaptation mechanism of sowing parameters in different ecological regions, and explores the integrated application effect of sowing strategies through typical regionalized cases. Studies have shown that adjusting sowing technology according to local conditions not only significantly improves corn emergence rate and population structure, but also helps to achieve high yield, stable yield and sustainable development goals. This study hopes to provide theoretical support and technical reference for further innovation and practical promotion of corn sowing technology. Keywords Corn; Sowing technology; Density optimization; Sowing period control; Smart agriculture 1. Introduction Corn (Zea mays L.) is a very important crop. It can be used as food, animal feed, and is often used in industrial processing. The area and total yield of corn in the world are now slowly increasing (Tar et al., 2024). Corn can adapt to different climatic conditions and plays a big role in ensuring food security. As the climate warms and the population increases, how to grow corn well and increase yields becomes increasingly important (Huang et al., 2020; Xiao et al., 2020). If you want high corn yields, the sowing method is critical. How to sow, when to sow, and how deep to sow will affect the emergence, later growth, and how many seeds can be produced in the end, how heavy the grains are, and how high the total yield is (Domokos et al., 2024; Wu et al., 2024). Studies have found that ridge cultivation and choosing the right sowing time can significantly increase crop yields and harvest rates; and precision sowing technology can also make seedlings more uniform and make corn more drought-resistant (Imran et al., 2021; Laghari et al., 2024). Reasonable adjustment of sowing period and sowing method is also a good way to cope with climate change and ensure stable corn yield (Ali et al., 2022; Zhang et al., 2023). This study will systematically sort out the research progress and innovative application of corn sowing technology in recent years, analyze the global importance of corn, and focus on how different sowing methods, sowing timing and technological innovation affect yield and quality, hoping to improve corn productivity by optimizing sowing strategies. 2 Evolution and Adaptability of Sowing Methods 2.1 Development from broadcasting and drilling to precision sowing The seeding method of corn has changed a lot in recent years. In the past, it was mostly broadcasting or row seeding, but now precision seeding is increasingly used. Although broadcasting is convenient, the seeds are not evenly distributed, many seedlings cannot emerge, and the yield cannot keep up. Row seeding is better than broadcasting. The seeds can be sown at similar depths and spacings, so that the seedlings grown are more uniform, and the yield and nutrient utilization rate are also higher (Laghari et al., 2024). Later, there were precision seeding and nutrient management tools, such as precision fertilization systems combined with row seeding, which can also be used in conjunction with fixed seedbeds to further increase yields and incomes, and are more environmentally
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