Maize Genomics and Genetics 2024, Vol.15, No.5, 247-256 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/mgg 250 the presence of homology-directed repair and other editing outcomes (Liu et al., 2020). This verification process is essential for understanding the functional impact of the edits and for optimizing genome editing protocols to achieve desired agronomic traits. 3.3 Mutant screening and gene mapping HTS has revolutionized the establishment and screening of mutant libraries in maize. By enabling the rapid sequencing of large numbers of mutants, HTS allows for the comprehensive identification of genetic variations and their associated phenotypes. This high-throughput approach facilitates the discovery of novel genes and alleles that contribute to important agronomic traits, thereby accelerating the breeding process (Farooqi et al., 2022). The integration of HTS with mutant screening provides a powerful tool for functional genomics studies and the identification of key regulatory genes in maize. The rapid identification and mapping of genes controlling important agronomic traits in maize have been greatly enhanced by HTS. This technology allows for the precise localization of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and the identification of candidate genes associated with traits such as yield, stress tolerance, and disease resistance. For example, HTS has been used to map genes related to abiotic stress tolerance in maize, providing valuable insights into the genetic basis of stress adaptation (Figure 2) (Farooqi et al., 2022). Additionally, the use of phased genotyping-by-sequencing has improved the analysis of genetic diversity and the identification of copy number variants, further aiding gene mapping efforts (Manching et al., 2017). Figure 2 Types of abiotic stresses that affect yield productivity in maize (Adopted from Farooqi et al., 2022)
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