Maize Genomics and Genetics 2024, Vol.15, No.2, 60-69 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/mgg 64 like glyphosate and glufosinate in herbicide-tolerant maize systems has been associated with lower environmental impact and reduced need for mechanical weed control, further promoting soil conservation (Devos et al., 2008). Figure 2 PCA analysis on differently abundant genes and metabolites in ZD958 maize transgenic lines grown in Beijing (Adopted from Fu et al., 2021) Image caption: (A): transcriptomes analysis on different experimental sites across different transgenic lines of transgenic event-2.4 (Event-2.4), transgenic event-3.5 (Event-3.5) and CK; n = 3; (B): Metabolomic analysis on different experimental sites across different transgenic lines of 2.4, 3.5 and ck. n = 6; (C), overlapping genes between different ZD958 transgenic events and non-GM ZD958 (CK) grown in Beijing. The detailed overlapping genes are referred to Supplementary Table S2; (D), overlapping metabolites. The detailed overlapping metabolites are referred to Supplementary Table S3. (E,F), differential abundant genes and metabolites between event-3.5 and CK; The differential abundant genes (DAGs) and metabolites (DAMs) were indicated in red scatters (Adopted from Fu et al., 2021) One of the major environmental concerns associated with herbicide-tolerant maize is the development of herbicide-resistant weeds. The repeated use of glyphosate-tolerant crops and glyphosate applications has led to the emergence of glyphosate-resistant weed populations, necessitating the use of additional herbicides and increasing overall herbicide use (Perry et al., 2016). This resistance development poses a significant challenge to sustainable weed management and highlights the need for integrated weed management strategies that include herbicide rotation and diversification (Devos et al., 2008).
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