Legume Genomics and Genetics 2025, Vol.16, No.3, 128-134 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/lgg 128 Case Study Open Access Analysis of NBS-LRR Gene Family in Adzuki Bean Evolution and Disease Resistance Potential Xiaoxi Zhou, Tianxia Guo Institute of Life Sciences, Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China Corresponding email: tianxia.guo@jicat.org Legume Genomics and Genetics, 2025 Vol.16, No.3 doi: 10.5376/lgg.2025.16.0013 Received: 03 Apr., 2025 Accepted: 18 May, 2025 Published: 05 Jun., 2025 Copyright © 2025 Zhou and Guo, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Zhou X.X., and Guo T.X., 2025, Analysis of NBS-LRR gene family in adzuki bean evolution and disease resistance potential, Legume Genomics and Genetics, 16(3): 128-134 (doi: 10.5376/lgg.2025.16.0013) Abstract Adzuki beans (Vigna angularis), as one of the important legume crops in China, are widely used in food, health care and agricultural production. However, they are often threatened by various diseases during their growth process. The NS-LRR (nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat) gene family is a core gene population in the study of plant disease resistance and plays an important role in pathogen recognition and signal transduction. To systematically analyze the structural characteristics, evolutionary relationships and disease resistance potential of the NBS-LRR gene in adzuki beans, this study conducted the identification and analysis of the NBS-LRR gene family based on whole-genome data. In this study, several NS-LRR genes in the adzuki bean genome were identified and classified into subtypes such as TNL type and CNL type according to domain characteristics. Through phylogenetic tree construction, gene structure analysis and conserved motif comparison, the diversity and evolutionary dynamics of the NB-LRR gene family of adzuki beans were revealed. The expression patterns at different tissues and growth stages were further analyzed. Combined with RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR data, it was found that multiple genes were induced to express in disease-resistant strains and had potential disease-resistant functions. Meanwhile, some key genes also demonstrated correlations with hormone signaling pathways, such as salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) responses. This research not only enriches the understanding of the disease-resistant genes related to adzuki beans, but also provides a theoretical basis and candidate gene resources for subsequent functional verification and molecular breeding. Keywords Adzuki beans; NBS-LRR; Disease resistance; Evolutionary analysis; Expression spectrum 1 Introduction Adzuki beans are highly nutritious, and there is no dispute about this. They contain protein, dietary fiber, and some essential trace elements for the human body. As a result, they are receiving increasing global attention. However, in actual cultivation, it also faces considerable problems. Diseases such as anthracnose and bacterial wilt occur from time to time. In mild cases, they affect the quality; in severe cases, even the yield cannot be maintained (Wu et al., 2017). To stabilize planting and ensure food security, ultimately, it still depends on the cultivation of disease-resistant varieties as a safety net. When it comes to disease resistance, genes like NS-LRR are almost the "number one players" in plants. The proteins they encode can recognize the effector molecules of pathogens and trigger defense responses, playing a key role in the plant immune system (Marone et al., 2013). However, such genes are not "well-behaved". They have many types, change rapidly, are often distributed in clusters, and the evolution pace is not slow. They almost emerged to cope with the constantly changing pathogen pressure (Shao et al., 2019). The quantity and the degree of variation are actually closely related to the disease resistance of plants. Therefore, if one wants to understand the disease resistance mechanism of adzuki beans or find useful genetic resources for breeding, systematically analyzing its NBS-LRR gene family is an inevitable step (Wu et al., 2017). This study will systematically analyze the NB-LRR gene family of adzuki beans, with a focus on exploring its evolutionary pattern, genomic structure and potential role in disease resistance. By integrating whole-genome identification, phylogenetic analysis and expression profiling analysis, this study aims to reveal key disease-resistant loci and provide molecular markers for disease-resistant breeding. This study supports the breeding of disease-resistant adzuki bean varieties and aims to promote sustainable agriculture and food security.
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