Field Crop 2025, Vol.8, No.4, 176-186 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/fc 182 Figure 2 Workflow of NDVI collection and processing (Adopted from Miller et al., 2023) 8 Concluding Remarks As for whether the output of soybeans can be increased, the answer has actually been there for a long time. Whether the variety is suitable, whether the climate and soil are compatible, and whether fertilization and irrigation can keep up, these basically determine whether a piece of land can truly "reach its potential". Research indicates that if key points such as planting density, sowing time, and water and fertilizer management are all properly arranged, the actual yield of soybeans can increase by 19%, and the yield gap can also be narrowed by approximately 14%. But the situation is not always so ideal. If the climate is too extreme or management fails to keep up, these potentials may also be discounted. For instance, during some crucial growth stages, if the temperature is appropriate (such as a diurnal temperature difference of around 35°C/27°C), and combined with irrigation and topdressing, the photosynthesis, nutrient absorption and yield composition of crops can all reach a good level. However, once the temperature is too high and the drought lasts too long, the effect will be hard to guarantee. In recent years, considerable progress has indeed been made in areas such as genetic breeding, precision agriculture, and integrated management. The resilience and output capacity of the soybean system have also been continuously enhanced. But to be honest, some fundamental problems have not been completely solved. In small-scale farming systems or areas that rely on rain farming, the promotion of irrigation and fertilization techniques has not been smooth. Poor social and economic conditions, uneven distribution of rainfall, and the lack of localized planting suggestions have all become practical obstacles. Moreover, we still know very little about the long-term sustainability of input usage. For instance, there have been few systematic studies on the leaching of fertilizers and changes in soil health to date. Another difficulty is that many genetic mechanisms related to high yield and stress resistance have not been fully analyzed yet, which undoubtedly slows down the pace of climate-adaptive breeding. Next, the research may need to be more "inward". Genomics, gene editing and wild germplasm resources should be well utilized, with the goal of breeding varieties that can truly withstand heat and drought. From a technical perspective, AI-driven decision-making systems, remote sensing, and variable application technologies should also be combined to further optimize input efficiency and minimize environmental burdens as much as possible. However, no matter how advanced the technology is, it's all in vain if no one uses it. Therefore, if the "last mile"
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