Field Crop 2024, Vol.7, No.3, 171-181 http://cropscipublisher.com/index.php/fc 179 either alone or in combination with nitrogen fertilization, has demonstrated enhanced growth rates and nutrient accumulation, particularly nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Additionally, co-inoculation with diazotrophs and actinomycetes has been found to further improve growth parameters compared to individual inoculations. The benefits of inoculation are influenced by factors such as sugarcane variety, soil type, and substrate used, highlighting the importance of understanding plant-bacteria-environment interactions. Diazotrophic bacteria play a crucial role in sustainable agriculture by reducing the need for chemical fertilizers and enhancing plant growth through biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and other plant growth-promoting mechanisms. These bacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen, making it available to plants, thus reducing the dependency on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. The use of diazotrophic bacteria as biofertilizers aligns with the goals of sustainable agriculture by promoting environmentally friendly practices and improving soil health. Moreover, the ability of these bacteria to enhance nutrient uptake and plant growth can lead to increased crop yields and better resource use efficiency, contributing to the overall sustainability of agricultural systems. The integration of diazotrophic bacteria into sugarcane cultivation practices offers a promising avenue for enhancing crop productivity and sustainability. Future research should focus on optimizing inoculation strategies, including the selection of effective bacterial strains and understanding the interactions between different sugarcane varieties, soil types, and environmental conditions. Additionally, long-term field studies are needed to evaluate the consistency and scalability of the benefits observed in controlled experiments. It is recommended that farmers and agricultural practitioners consider incorporating diazotrophic bacteria into their crop management practices to reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers and improve crop yields sustainably. Collaborative efforts between researchers, industry stakeholders, and policymakers will be essential to promote the adoption of this technology and realize its full potential in sustainable agriculture. Acknowledgments The author thanks the two anonymous peer reviewers for their thorough review of this study and for their valuable suggestions for improvement. Conflict of Interest Disclosure Author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Antunes J., Freitas A., Bonifácio A., Oliveira L., Santos C., Lyra M., Oliveira J., Ollero F., Araújo A., and Figueiredo M., 2022, Isolation and characterization of plant growth-promotion diazotrophic endophytic bacteria associated to sugarcane (Saccharum officinarumL.) grown in Paraíba, Brazil, Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 65: e22200439. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2022200439 Antunes J., Freitas A., Oliveira L., Lyra M., Fonseca M., Santos C., Oliveira J., Araújo, A., and Figueiredo M., 2019, Sugarcane inoculated with endophytic diazotrophic bacteria: effects on yield, biological nitrogen fixation and industrial characteristics, Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 91(4): e20180990. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920180990 PMid:31778453 Bertalan M., Albano R., Pádua V., Rouws L., Rojas C., Hemerly A., Teixeira K., Schwab S., Araújo J., Oliveira A., França L., Magalhães V., Alquéres S., Cardoso A., Almeida W., Loureiro M., Nogueira E., Cidade D., Oliveira D., Simão T., Macedo J., Valadão A., Dreschsel M., Freitas F., Vidal M., Guedes H., Rodrigues E., Meneses C., Brioso P., Pozzer L., Figueiredo D., Montano H., Junior J., Filho G., Flores V., Ferreira B., Branco A., Gonzalez P., Guillobel H., Lemos M., Seibel L., Macedo J., Alves-Ferreira M., Sachetto-Martins G., Coelho A., Santos E., Amaral, G., Neves A., Pacheco A., Carvalho D., Lery L., Bisch P., Rössle S., Ürményi T., Pereira A., Silva R., Rondinelli E., Krüger W., Martins O., Baldani J., and Ferreira P., 2009, Complete genome sequence of the sugarcane nitrogen-fixing endophyte GluconAcetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5, BMC Genomics, 10: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-10-450 PMid:19775431 PMCid:PMC2765452 de Oliveira A., de Canuto E., Urquiaga S., Reis V., and Baldani J., 2006, Yield of micropropagated sugarcane varieties in different soil types following inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria, Plant and Soil, 284: 23-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-006-0025-0
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