Molecular Soil Biology 2026, Vol.17, No.1, 51-60 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/msb 58 provided a continuous and stable nutrient supply to the grapes, promoting full fruit development. Similarly, previous studies have shown that the C/N ratio of microbial biomass in vineyards with organic fertilizer application was significantly higher than that with chemical fertilizer application alone, indicating enhanced soil nutrient cycling capacity (García-Orenes et al., 2016). Overall, this case validates that INM treatments contribute to achieving the goal of increasing yield and improving quality (Liu et al., 2025). 8 Conclusions and Future Research Directions Integrated nutrient management (INM) improves soil nutrient status and physicochemical properties through multiple channels, promoting a more stable and diverse rhizosphere microbial community structure in vineyards. The rational application of a combination of organic, bio-fertilizers, and chemical fertilizers not only increases soil organic matter and biomass content but also increases the proportion of nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms. In the long term, the INM model helps enhance the self-regulation capacity and resilience of the soil ecosystem, providing a solid ecological foundation for grape production. However, it should be noted that soil and climate conditions vary in different regions, and the effects of INM may differ; furthermore, fertilizer formulation and application duration also affect microbial responses. Therefore, the promotion of INM should be optimized based on regional characteristics and practical experience. Although existing research has shown that INM has positive effects on soil microorganisms, there are still shortcomings. First, existing studies are mostly short-term or localized experiments, lacking long-term data across ecological zones, making it difficult to assess the persistence and cumulative effects of INM (intestinal microorganisms). Second, our understanding of rhizosphere microbial function remains incomplete, mostly focusing on community structure without in-depth analysis of metabolites and gene functions. Third, some studies use single indicators, and the mechanisms of action of synergistic effects of multiple nutrient sources are still unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to combine multidisciplinary technologies, such as metagenomics and metabolomics, to deeply reveal the specific mechanisms by which INM regulates microbial function and plant metabolism. Therefore, it is essential to conduct long-term field trials across multiple regions and years to systematically evaluate the lasting effects of different INM ratios on microbial communities and soil health; to explore the intrinsic link between changes in microbial community function and grape nutrient metabolism using high-throughput omics technologies such as metagenomics and transcriptomics; and to conduct research on rhizosphere signaling molecules to elucidate how grape root exudates regulate the microbial community, thereby affecting nutrient absorption and quality formation. It is particularly important to formulate and promote planting technology standards that combine "reduction of chemical fertilizers with substitution of organic fertilizers," encourage farmers to use high-quality organic fertilizers that have been certified for safety, strengthen soil testing and precision fertilization guidance, promote precision agriculture technology, achieve fertilization according to local conditions and avoid excessive input, promote farmland ecological compensation and fertilizer residue monitoring policies, and provide subsidies or technical support to vineyards that use organic fertilizers for long-term application to promote sustainable planting models. Acknowledgments The author sincerely thank Dr. Zhang for reviewing the manuscript and providing valuable suggestions, which contributed to its improvement. Additionally, heartfelt gratitude is extended to the two anonymous peer reviewers for their comprehensive evaluation of the manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Alcalá-Herrera R., Moreno B., Aguirrebengoa M., Winter S., Robles-Cruz A.B., Ramos-Font M.E., and Benítez E., 2023, Role of agricultural management in the provision of ecosystem services in warm climate vineyards: functional prediction of genes involved in nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration, Plants, 12(3): 590. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12030590
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