Molecular Soil Biology 2026, Vol.17, No.1, 26-37 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/msb 33 high homology to known species sequences). At the same time, they reported the phosphorus-depleting capacity and the production of auxin-like substances (IAA) and other beneficial traits, presenting a "phosphorus depletion + hormone" combined promoting potential (Mahdi et al., 2020; Mpinda et al., 2024). Such results suggest that the dominant phosphorus-depleting bacteria in tea gardens may not be the few genera traditionally recognized, but may come from a broader spectrum of cultivable bacteria in the root zone. 7.3 Field experiment to verify its promoting effect on tea tree growth and phosphorus absorption In the validation at the tea tree level, the pot experiment can assess the activation effect of the strain on insoluble phosphorus sources such as phosphate rock powder under relatively controllable conditions (Sen et al., 2024). There have been pot experiments on the acidic soil-tea tree system that used 6 phosphorus-decomposing bacteria for inoculation and set up treatments such as "whether to apply phosphate rock powder" and "different delivery methods of carriers"; the results showed that under specific treatments, the phosphorus absorption in the above-ground parts of the tea tree could reach 15.6 mg per pot, the biomass reached 10.5 g per pot, and the combination of the Burkholderia genus strain with the charcoal-based delivery system and the application of phosphate rock powder performed the best (Nhunda et al., 2024). The lesson from this case is: The effectiveness of the strain not only depends on the "phosphorus solubilization ability", but also on the carrier, rhizosphere colonization and the form of the phosphorus source (Sen et al., 2024). In the future, when promoting the use of the tea garden, the formulation of the microbial agent, the application method and the degree of soil acidification should all be optimized together. 8 Conclusions and Outlook Based on the existing studies, the phosphate-solubilizing functional groups in acidic tea gardens exhibit a "multiple pathways and multiple genera sharing functions" pattern. Different scales of evidence can be obtained through amplicon sequencing, phoD-related functional genes, and metagenomics. However, soil acidification is often accompanied by a decrease in phoD-carrying community diversity, simplification or reorganization of the community network, and simultaneous reduction of active phosphorus components. Comprehensive analysis of tea garden soils at the national scale also indicates that acidification and nutrient imbalance are widespread, providing extensive and urgent application scenarios for the study of the diversity and ecological functions of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria.From a mechanistic perspective, dephosphorylating bacteria participate in the phosphorus cycle through multiple pathways such as "organic acid-complexation phosphorus release", "phosphatase-organic phosphorus mineralization", and "phosphorus transport and starvation response". Among them, the gcd/pqq-related pathways and the phoD-related pathways respectively point to the activation of inorganic phosphorus and the supply of organic phosphorus. Metagenomic studies have shown that key genes such as gcd are not only widespread but may also be important factors in explaining the differences in bioavailable phosphorus among organisms. For the tea garden ecosystem, the ecological significance of dephosphorylating bacteria goes beyond "supplementing phosphorus", and lies in reshaping the phosphorus mobility in the rhizosphere under a strong fixation background, improving fertilization efficiency, and possibly indirectly maintaining the nutrient foundation for quality formation. For the next step, we will: first, promote the multi-omics closed-loop verification of" amplicon-function prediction-metagenome-transcriptome/metabolome-enzymatic activity/isotopes", avoiding merely inferring functions based on predictions; second, incorporate acidification, aluminum-iron activity, phosphorus components and management measures into a unified causal framework (such as structural equations or path models) to analyze key leverage points; third, explore the interaction between synthetic communities (SynCom) and local microbiota, improving field reproducibility through "colonization stability + functional complementarity", and at the same time, improving the quality control and ecological safety assessment of microbial agents in accordance with national standards systems. As the research on the interaction between microorganisms and trace elements and the hot processes in the rhizosphere progresses, the precise microbial regulation of acidic tea gardens is expected to move from "screening one strain of bacteria" to "designing a functional network that is interpretable and manageable".
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