Molecular Soil Biology 2025, Vol.16, No.3, 137-149 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/msb 146 al., 2023; Junge and Finckh, 2024; Zhang et al., 2024). At the same time, it is also necessary to select disease-resistant and drought-tolerant varieties, strengthen pest and disease control, and study better post-harvest processing technologies, which are important for stable yields and food safety (Devaux et al., 2020; 2021; Siamalube et al., 2025). Figure 3 Mulching can dramatically increase soil nutrition and stop the weed population, as it prevents sunlight from reaching the seeds. By reducing evaporation, it protects plant roots against temperature fluctuations and retains moisture in the soil. As a result, wind and/or rain erosion can be reduced (or prevented) (Adopted from Waheed et al., 2023 ) Soilless cultivation such as hydroponics, as well as artificial intelligence and remote sensing technologies, are also being used in potato breeding and management. These technologies can make planting more efficient and water-saving, and can better cope with extreme weather (Rajendran et al., 2024). In addition, potatoes can also play a role in nutrition fortification, biodiversity conservation and ecological services, helping to promote global food security and sustainable development. 9.2 Integrate into national and international agricultural ecological strategies Potatoes are highly adaptable and can be planted in a wide range of areas. They can be used to ensure food and ecological security in different places (Devaux et al., 2020; 2021). Therefore, national policies should incorporate potatoes into food security strategies and encourage ecological planting, rotation and intercropping, which can improve land use efficiency and make planting systems more resilient (Devaux et al., 2021; Junge and Finckh, 2024; Zhang et al., 2024). Internationally, potatoes can also serve as a typical example of South-South cooperation and ecological agricultural development. Countries can jointly promote agricultural progress by sharing varieties, exchanging technologies, and spreading experiences (Devaux et al., 2020; 2021). International organizations should also increase policy and financial support to promote the development of ecological agriculture on a global scale. 9.3 Policy tools to support sustainable planting (subsidies and promotion) The government can make farmers more willing to use organic fertilizers, water-saving technologies, and ecological planting methods by issuing subsidies, reducing taxes, etc. (Waheed et al., 2023; Junge and Finckh, 2024; Zhang et al., 2024). At the same time, agricultural extension services should also keep up to help farmers understand and master new technologies, new varieties, and ecological management methods (Junge and Finckh, 2024; Zhang et al., 2024; Siamalube et al., 2025). It is also necessary to build a better seed supply system and post-harvest management mechanism, provide training and market information, which will help improve the efficiency and risk resistance of the entire industry (Devaux et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2024; Siamalube et al., 2025). In addition, special attention should be paid to the actual needs of small farmers and remote areas, and resources should be allocated rationally to achieve equitable development (Devaux et al., 2020; 2021). At the international level, cooperation can also be
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