Molecular Soil Biology 2025, Vol.16, No.2, 83-90 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/msb 87 5.3 Practical cases and challenges in promotion At present, in some cooperatives and agricultural companies, off-season planting has brought remarkable results. The yield has increased by about 50% compared with the original, and the planting efficiency is also higher. These cases mainly rely on the cooperation between scientific research institutions and the government, with support from technical guidance to market docking (Schreinemachers et al., 2016). But there are still many problems in the process of promotion. First, the pressure of facility investment is high, and some small farmers are difficult to bear the cost of greenhouse or control system. Secondly, some growers lack operation skills, are not familiar with equipment, and management is not in place. The relevant regulatory system is not unified enough, which is not conducive to the entry of products into the market. In order to solve these problems, government subsidies and discount loans can be used to help farmers reduce the initial investment pressure. At the same time, technical training for farmers should be carried out to improve their operational ability. The establishment of a unified product quality standard and certification system can also simplify the sales process, improve consumers' trust in off-season medicinal materials, and promote the steady promotion of technology. 6 Challenges in Technology Adoption and Proposed Solutions 6.1 Farmer participation and technical training The success of off-season cultivation largely depends on whether farmers are willing to adopt the technology. Many growers are used to traditional methods and are unfamiliar with greenhouses, automated systems, and other modern equipment. A lack of experience also makes them hesitant to try new practices (Luo et al., 2022). To solve this problem, the government and agricultural departments can carry out targeted training to let farmers master the basic operation process, and focus on the yield and benefit advantages of off-season planting. By setting up a demonstration base, organizing on-the-spot observation, and building an exchange platform between farmers, it will help to enhance the confidence of farmers and improve their acceptance (movilla pateiro et al., 2020). 6.2 Energy use and resource efficiency Greenhouse systems require significant energy and water, which can hinder large-scale expansion. Heating, ventilation, and lighting systems increase electricity demand and raise operating costs. They may also have environmental impacts if not managed properly (Jia et al., 2023). One solution is to incorporate renewable energy, such as solar power, to reduce reliance on conventional electricity. Precision irrigation systems and automated fertigation equipment can help save water and nutrients. Using energy-efficient LED lighting can also cut electricity costs and improve resource use efficiency (Geels et al., 2020). 6.3 Policy support and industry collaboration Policy support plays a key role in technology promotion. The government can reduce the investment pressure of farmers and enterprises and encourage them to try out the off-season production mode through subsidies, tax cuts and low interest loans. Promote the cooperation among universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises, jointly develop new varieties and new equipment, and improve the technical level of the whole system. In addition, it can promote the local construction of a number of off-season planting demonstration parks, and pilot the promotion of management standards and certification mechanisms. The implementation of a special quality identification system for products helps to enhance consumer trust and promote market recognition (Liu et al., 2019). 7 Impact of Off-Season Cultivation on Industrial Development 7.1 Stable supply and improved market competitiveness The off-season planting technology can make Leonurus japonicus grow and harvest all year round, avoiding the
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