Molecular Soil Biology 2025, Vol.16, No.2, 63-72 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/msb 70 because the soil types and climates are different. Wu et al. (2024) pointed out that the content of available potassium in soils of different regions also varies. Before implementing measures, we need to fully understand the local soil characteristics. After grasping this information, farmers or researchers can adjust their management strategies based on the actual situation, such as what kind of fertilizer to use, how to apply conditioners, and what crops to grow, etc. Conducting more research in different regions can identify more suitable improvement methods for each area, thereby enhancing both agricultural output and sustainability. 8.2 Studies on the effects of soil improvement on plant gene expression and active ingredient synthesis Nowadays, more and more people are beginning to pay attention to the impact of soil improvement on the genes and components of plants. This is also a relatively new research direction for scientists. Many improvement methods (such as the use of special fertilizers or amendments), in addition to improving the growth of plants, may also affect the expression mode of genes in plants and even the substances synthesized by plants (Zhao et al., 2018). These influencing factors are of great significance to medicinal plants like Wu Yao. The metabolic process of plants is actually closely related to the soil environment. Changes such as respiration, microbial activities, and nutrient release in the soil all affect substances absorbed and synthesized by plants (Hou et al., 2021). Only by understanding the underlying mechanisms can researchers identify the soil conditions that best stimulate plants to produce target components and develop more precise improvement methods. 8.3 The application prospects of sustainable soil management techniques in Wu Yao cultivation Nowadays, many sustainable soil management technologies have been applied in agriculture, and these technologies also have great potential in the cultivation of Wu Yao. For example, practices such as deep tillage and the use of organic fertilizers can improve soil structure, make microorganisms more active, and better utilize water and nutrients. This can also increase the yield and quality of Wu Yao (He et al., 2019). In addition to these, modern agricultural methods such as precision irrigation and scientific fertilization can also be incorporated. By using water and fertilizer more reasonably, not only can planting efficiency be improved, but environmental pressure can also be reduced (Fang et al., 2010). With more and more research in this area, the cultivation of Wu Yao in the future can also be more intelligent and efficient. Not only is it beneficial for farmers, but it is also a positive promotion for environmental protection. 9 Conclusion Soil improvement has a significant impact on the growth, root quality and the components of the medicinal parts of the aconite. For instance, in the experiments on rice, it was found that raising seedlings with soilless materials could make the seedlings healthier and grow faster. This indicates that similar practices may also bring benefits when applied to the cultivation of Wu Yao. Some other studies have pointed out that substances like plant growth-promoting bacteria or nanomaterials can alleviate the stress on plants caused by heavy metals in the soil, which is particularly crucial for growing aconitum carmichaelii in polluted areas. After applying these methods, not only can the plants grow faster, but the overall biomass will also increase, which may enhance the efficacy of the black medicinal herb. By improving the soil, the yield and quality of the medicinal materials can also be significantly enhanced. For instance, when exogenous plant hormones (such as indoleacetic acid IAA) are applied to rice, it not only promotes the growth rate but also reduces the accumulation of harmful elements. This kind of experience is also worth learning from in the cultivation of Wu Yao. In addition, research has found that the combined use of microbial communities that promote plant root development and iron oxide nanoparticles can help crops maintain their growth state even under adverse conditions, indicating that such a combination approach may also be applicable to the herb "Wu Yao". To ensure that the black medicine can be stably planted in different environments, a more economical and environmentally friendly soil management approach is indispensable. For instance, reducing reliance on traditional nutrient soil and promoting alternative models like hydroponics can make planting methods more sustainable. At the same time, using some environmentally friendly materials, such as probiotics or functional nanoparticles, not only helps protect the soil but also ensures the quality of the medicinal herb. Overall, taking the
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