Molecular Soil Biology 2025, Vol.16, No.1, 45-54 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/msb 50 6 Real-World Use of Rhizosphere Microbes in Growing Anoectochilus roxburghii 6.1 Using rhizosphere microbes to increase yield and support large-scale growing Rhizosphere microbes can improve the balance of microbes in the soil and make nutrients more available. This helps A. roxburghii grow faster and stronger. Some PGPR (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria) have been shown to increase plant biomass and raise ginsenoside levels, which is important for its medicinal use (Ji et al., 2018). These microbes help roots absorb more nutrients and also create a better environment around the roots (Kong and Liu, 2022; Liu and Gao, 2024). Adding biochar during planting also works well. It helps increase the number of good microbes like fungi and bacteria while reducing the harmful ones. This makes the soil healthier and better for plant growth (Liu et al., 2022). This method not only boosts yield but also supports eco-friendly farming. 6.2 Using microbes in organic farming to reduce chemical fertilizers In organic farming, chemical fertilizers can’t be used, so rhizosphere microbes are a good alternative. Mixing PGPR with spent mushroom substrate (SMS) can improve enzyme activity and increase available nutrients in the soil, which leads to better growth and higher quality A. roxburghii (Fan et al., 2024). AMF (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) also work well as biofertilizers. Over time, they help roots take in more nutrients and improve the microbe mix around the roots. This reduces the need for chemical fertilizers and fits well with organic farming practices (Ning et al., 2020). 6.3 Microbial inoculants for sustainable A. roxburghii cultivation Some microbes can protect A. roxburghii from disease on their own. For example, Mortierella alpina helps fight soil-borne pathogens like Fusarium, which can cause root problems. It acts like a natural defense, helping plants stay healthy (Wang et al., 2022a). These inoculants also increase the number of helpful microbes near the roots. That means better use of key nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, which supports long-term growth. Combining NPK fertilizers with microbial inoculants can improve the effect even more. This mix helps good fungi grow better in the rhizosphere and keeps harmful microbes down. As a result, the plant becomes stronger and more resistant to stress (Sun et al., 2022). With proper nutrient planning and the right microbes, A. roxburghii can grow better, produce more, and be farmed in a way that’s better for the environment. 7 Challenges and Limitations in Current Research 7.1 It's hard to find and identify the right microbes for A. roxburghii Because there are many kinds of microorganisms around the root of Anoectochilus roxburghii, and they are constantly changing, it is not easy to find the bacteria that are really beneficial to plants. Factors such as planting years and planting methods of Anoectochilus roxburghii will affect the composition of rhizosphere microorganisms, which makes the research complicated (Xiao et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2020). Even though some studies have identified some common genera in Anoectochilus roxburghii rhizosphere, it is still unclear how these microorganisms work and whether there is a synergistic relationship between them (Dong et al., 2018; sun et al., 2023). Not all microbes in the root zone are good. Some, like Fusarium, can cause disease. When trying to pick out useful microbes, there’s a chance of choosing wrong—sometimes even encouraging harmful ones by mistake. For example, fungi like Mortierella can help the plant grow, but Fusariumoften appears in the same environment and can harm it (Wang et al., 2022b; Sun et al., 2023). So, researchers need better tools to find the good ones while keeping the bad ones out. 7.2 No standard way to measure microbial effects Right now, there’s no one standard way to test how microbes affect A. roxburghii. Different studies use different methods—like high-throughput sequencing, PCR-DGGE, or BIOLOG systems. Each method has pros and cons,
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