Molecular Soil Biology 2024, Vol.15, No.5, 216-226 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/msb 216 Research Report Open Access Effect of Irrigation and Fertilization on Soybean Growth and Yield in Different SoilTypes Xiaoying Li 1 , Jianhua Wang 2, XinLin 1, Zhiqing Chen3 1 Songyang County Shuimo-shicang Agricultural Products Co., Ltd, Songyang, 323499, China 2 Niujin-suiyu Agricultural Development (Songyang County) Co., Ltd, Songyang, 323406, China 3 Jinhua Jiugui Ecological Agriculture Co., Ltd., Lanxi, 321106, China Corresponding email: 2714489364@qq.com Molecular Soil Biology, 2024, Vol.15, No.5 doi: 10.5376/msb.2024.15.0022 Received: 29 Jul., 2024 Accepted: 03 Sep., 2024 Published: 22 Sep., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Li et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Li X.Y., Wang J.H., Lin X., and Chen Z.Q., 2024, Effect of irrigation and fertilization on soybean growth and yield in different soil types, Molecular Soil Biology, 15(5): 216-226 (doi: 10.5376/msb.2024.15.0022) Abstract The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of different irrigation and fertilization regimes on the growth and yield of soybean across various soil types. The study found that irrigation and fertilization significantly influenced soybean growth and yield. Optimal fertilization levels, particularly nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, were crucial for maximizing yield in arid regions under drip irrigation. Supplemental irrigation during the reproductive stage significantly improved growth and yield in temperate humid climates. Different irrigation regimes also showed varied impacts on yield and water productivity, with partial irrigation proving most effective in semi-dry conditions. Additionally, nitrogen and iron fertilization in Mediterranean-type soils enhanced growth and yield, with a notable interaction between the two nutrients. Soil type played a critical role, with sandy loam soils benefiting most from frequent irrigation. Soil compaction, irrigation, and nitrogenous fertilization collectively influenced vegetative and physiological characteristics, with proper management mitigating negative impacts. The study also highlighted the importance of irrigation intervals and combined soil and foliar fertilization for optimal yield and quality. The findings underscore the importance of tailored irrigation and fertilization strategies to enhance soybean growth and yield across different soil types. Effective management practices, including optimal fertilization and irrigation scheduling, are essential for maximizing productivity and ensuring sustainable soybean cultivation. Keywords Soybean; Irrigation; Fertilization; Soil types; Yield; Growth; Water productivity; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Potassium 1 Introduction Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is a crucial crop globally, primarily due to its high protein content and its role in enhancing soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. It is extensively cultivated for its seeds, which are a significant source of dietary protein and oil. The global demand for soybean continues to rise, driven by its diverse applications in food, feed, and industrial products (Ngosong et al., 2022). In Europe, the cultivation area for soybean is expanding, reflecting its growing importance in agricultural systems (Adamič and Leskovšek, 2021). Effective irrigation and fertilization practices are vital for optimizing soybean growth and yield. These practices address soil nutrient deficiencies, which are common constraints in soybean production. The use of chemical fertilizers, while beneficial for enhancing crop productivity, can have adverse environmental impacts if not managed properly (Ngosong et al., 2022). Additionally, alternative tillage systems, such as conservation and no-tillage, influence soil structure and nutrient availability, thereby affecting soybean growth parameters and yield components (Adamič and Leskovšek, 2021). The integration of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) with fertilization has shown promising results in improving soybean productivity and nutrient content (Ngosong et al., 2022). Soil type plays a critical role in determining the effectiveness of irrigation and fertilization practices. Different soil types have varying capacities for water retention, nutrient availability, and microbial activity, all of which influence soybean growth and yield. Understanding these interactions is essential for developing tailored management practices that optimize soybean production across diverse agro-ecological zones (Adamič and Leskovšek, 2021; Ngosong et al., 2022). For instance, soil compaction in less intensive tillage systems can
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