Molecular Soil Biology 2024, Vol.15, No.1, 1-7 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/msb 1 Review and Progress Open Access Progress of Biotin Research in Plants DelongFan1,2, Shenkui Liu 3, Yuanyuan Bu1,2 1 Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China 2 College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China 3 State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou, 311300, China Corresponding author email: yuanyuanbu@nefu.edu.cn Molecular Soil Biology, 2024, Vol.15, No.1 doi: 10.5376/msb.2024.15.0001 Received: 08 Feb., 2024 Accepted: 29 Feb., 2024 Published: 08 Mar., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Fan et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Fan D.L., Liu S.K., and Bu Y.Y., 2024, Progress of biotin research in plants, Molecular Soil Biology, 15(1): 1-7 (doi: 10.5376/msb.2024.15.0001) Abstract Biotin is an essential component of living organisms and an important cofactor for enzymes involved in carboxylation, decarboxylation, and transcarboxylation reactions. Most of the current research on biotin has been focused on microorganisms and animals, and relatively few studies have been conducted in plants, whereas biotin may play an important role in responding to abiotic stresses in plants. Therefore, this paper reviews the development history of biotin and the research progress in plants, considering the research progress in China and abroad. It provides new ideas for further research on the functions of biotin in plants and lays a theoretical foundation for the in-depth interpretation of the molecular network mechanism of biotin in regulating the response to abiotic stresses. Keywords Biotin; Synthesis pathway; AtBIO2; Abiotic stress Introduction In the face of climate change, many plants may be forced to adapt to new and potentially challenging environmental conditions (Lu et al., 2014; Fang and Xiong, 2015; Ding et al., 2019). Plants that face abiotic stresses such as low temperatures, drought, and salinity during growth and development acquire mechanisms to survive, through which they sense the stress and regulate their physiology accordingly. During this process, there must be some changes of substances in the plant body, and biotin is one of them. Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin that is an important cofactor for several carboxylases, decarboxylases, and transcarboxylases in a variety of metabolic pathways in organisms (Knowles, 1989). Biotin is found in almost all living cells. Bacteria, plants, some fungi, and a few animals synthesize biotin, which is essential for growth and development (Prasad et al., 1998; Stolz et al., 1999). Previous studies have found that many vitamins are essential for plant growth and development. For example, thiamine (Vitamin B1) is an essential factor for several enzymes involved in central carbon metabolism (Settembre et al., 2003; Nosaka, 2006). Pyridoxol (Vitamin B6) is a potent antioxidant, especially effective in removing mono-linear oxygen and superoxide anions (Danon et al., 2005). Vitamin C can reduce stress-induced damage by eliminating reactive oxygen species (Chen and Gallie, 2006; Paciolla et al., 2019). In addition, it has been reported that adding biotin to the fermentation medium enhances the antioxidant activity of Pichia guilliermondii (Qi et al., 2015). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are products of aerobic metabolism in plants, and environmental stresses can lead to the accumulation of large amounts of ROS in plant cells. The presence of a small amount of reactive oxygen species can be used as a signaling molecule in the plant to induce the expression of key genes in the face of adversity, thus enhancing the plant's ability to resist stress. However, when a large amount of ROS is generated in the plant under stress conditions, many normal metabolic processes will be impeded and even lead to plant death. Therefore, an effective reactive oxygen species scavenging mechanism will help plants maintain an appropriate concentration of reactive oxygen species to enhance plant stress tolerance. Here, we review the history of biotin development and the biotin synthesis pathway in plants. The research progress of biotin in abiotic stresses in plants is described. A theoretical foundation is laid for further investigation of the function of biotin in plants against abiotic stresses.
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