Journal of Energy Bioscience 2025, Vol.16, No.3, 128-138 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/jeb 132 3.5 Energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emission reduction Using solar energy and wind energy when planting potatoes can reduce the use of kerosene and diesel, which also reduces carbon emissions. For example, using solar energy for irrigation and wind power for power generation not only saves energy, but also reduces emissions, which is very helpful for the green development of agriculture (Rajendran et al., 2024) (Figure 1). Figure 1 Feasibility of aeroponics farming to support potato cultivation irrespective of agroecosystem (Rajendran et al., 2024) Using energy-saving agricultural machinery or no-till farming can reduce fuel consumption during mechanical operations and protect soil microorganisms and structures (Morugán-Coronado et al., 2024; Rajendran et al., 2024). Promoting energy-saving equipment and rational use of agricultural machinery can also save costs and improve efficiency (Rajendran et al., 2024). 4 Case Studies of Sustainable Potato Cultivation 4.1 Typical cases of sustainable soil management and water-saving irrigation In northern China, farmers are conducting field trials to understand the effects of different nitrogen fertilizers and irrigation management methods on potato yield, quality, and the environment. In 2017 and 2018, the research team conducted a two-year experiment in farmland and found that when nitrogen in the soil was sufficient, increasing nitrogen fertilizer did not increase yield, and even reduced the quality of tubers. Reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and combining it with efficient irrigation methods such as drip irrigation not only maintained yield and quality, but also improved nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency and reduced nitrogen loss and environmental burden (Wang et al., 2021). When nitrogen fertilizer input was reduced from the conventional 189~252 kg/ha to 109~181 kg/ha and combined with irrigation management, yield and quality were not affected. Only when nitrogen fertilizer was further reduced to 9~117 kg/ha did the yield of some plots drop by about 18%. The application of drip irrigation effectively improved soil moisture and promoted crop growth, but high costs and labor requirements became the main obstacles to its promotion. Farmers are generally willing to reduce nitrogen fertilizer input by 10%~20%, but emphasize the need to regularly monitor and formulate management measures based on soil nitrogen and moisture conditions.
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