Journal of Energy Bioscience 2025, Vol.16, No.2, 94-104 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/jeb 97 Table 1 Pharmacological and therapeutic properties of different polysaccharides derived fromCordyceps spp. (Adopted from Krishna et al., 2023) Compound Property Effect EPSF Immunomodulatory function and antitumour activity ↑Peritoneal macrophage Neutral Red adsorption capacities and spleen lymphocyte multiplication in B16-bearing mice EPS Exopolysaccharide fraction (EPSF) Immunomodulatory effect lmmunomodulatory effect ↑Cytokine release,CD11b expression,and phagocytosis ↑Expression of IFN and TNF mRNA in splenic lymphocytes ↑Immunocytes activity in H22 tumor bearing mice Acid polysaccharide (APS) Antioxidant effect ↑Antioxidant defense capability of the cell PC12 cells are shielded against oxidative damage Acid polysaccharide fraction (APSF) Anti-inflammatory effect ↑IL-12,TNF-a and iNOS production ↓I L-10 of Ana-1 cells production PSCK2-2 and PSCK 2-3 Antioxidant effect Scavenging abilitieson hydroxyl radicals.Strong capacity on protective effect of DNA damage Polysaccharides (PS) Immunomodulatory effect ↑Thymus and spleen indexes,proliferation of splenic cells, macrophage phagocytosis and levels of TNF-a and IFN- γ CPS-1 CPS-2 Anti-inflammatory activity Cure -Renal failure clinically ↓Serum hemolysin formation of mice TGF1 and extracellular matrix(ECM)levels in patients have stabilized Immunomodulatory effect ↓Cell proliferation caused by PDGF-BB via the TGF-b1/Smad and PDGF/ERK pathways, and it potentially havetwo way regulatory impacts on the PDGF/ERK cellular signaling pathway WIPS and AIPS Antitumor and immuno-stimulatory effect Animal studies on melanoma tumor-bearing mice revealed antitumor and immunostimulatory effects Cordysinocan Immunomodulatory effect ↑Effectiveness of phagocytosis and acid phosphatase enzymatic activity in macrophages PS-A Anti-hypercholesterolemia effect Significant inhibition of cholesterol esterase was seen in an in-vitro enzyme test EPS-II CBPS-II Hypoglycemic effect Hypoglycemic effect Inhibited a-glucosidase effectively alleviate weight loss, ↓plasma glucose concentrations,↑glucose tolerance Controls the energy metabolism,intestinal flora,and amino acid metabolism disruption CCP Anti-inflammatory and Anti-fibrotic Suppressed inflammation,renal pathological changes,and renal dysfunction, slowing the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis,modulated gut microbiota dysbiosis ↓LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine levels and TGF-1-induced fibroblast activation CPS Management of allergic asthma Inhibited the expression of eotaxin,IL-4,IL-5,IL-13,and IFN- γ in the blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF),Lowered serum lgE levels in mice. SDQCP-1 Natural antioxidant and immunomodulator Activate macrophages to produce NO,TNF-a,IL-6,and IL-10,as well as promote M1 polarization CSP (Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide) Anti-cancer ↓HCT116 cell growth by inducing apoptosis and blocking autophagy flux,via PI3K-AKT-mTOR and MPK-mTOR-ULK1 signaling (Se) -rich C.militaris polysaccharides (SeCMP) Anti-Hyperlipidemia Promoted satiety and thermogenesis of obese mice ↓Gut bacteria,such as Lactobacillus,Dorea, Costridium,Ruminococcus ↑Mucosal beneficial bacteria Akkermansia
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