Journal of Energy Bioscience 2024, Vol.15, No.3, 171-185 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/jeb 171 Research Insight Open Access Application and Cultivation Optimization of Marine Microalgae in Biodiesel Production Xuewen Li, Wei Zhou Biotechnology Research Center, Cuixi Academy of Biotechnology, Zhuji, 311800, China Corresponding email: wei.zhou@cuixi.org Journal of Energy Bioscience, 2024, Vol.15, No.3 doi: 10.5376/jeb.2024.15.0017 Received: 08 Apr., 2024 Accepted: 10 May., 2024 Published: 23 May., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Li and Zhou, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Li X.W., and Zhou W., 2024, Application and cultivation optimization of marine microalgae in biodiesel production, Journal of Energy Bioscience, 15(3): 171-185 (doi: 10.5376/jeb.2024.15.0017) Abstract This study explores the application of marine microalgae in biodiesel production and its cultivation optimization. In recent years, biodiesel has garnered significant attention due to its potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and decrease dependence on non-renewable energy sources. Marine microalgae, with their high lipid content and ability to grow in diverse environments, have emerged as a promising feedstock for biodiesel production. Research indicates that marine microalgae can grow in saline water, reducing competition for freshwater resources with agricultural crops, and can utilize CO2 from industrial emissions, promoting carbon sequestration and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The objective of this study is to optimize the application and cultivation of marine microalgae by selecting suitable microalgae species, optimizing growth conditions, and developing cost-effective harvesting and lipid extraction technologies. This study also discusses the role of genetic engineering and metabolic optimization in enhancing lipid accumulation and production efficiency. The research highlights the importance of long-term monitoring and data collection and suggests using advanced technologies such as remote sensing and genetic analysis to address the impact of climate change on microalgae cultivation. Additionally, this study discusses the role of international agreements and policies in promoting the development of the microalgae biodiesel industry. Keywords Marine microalgae; Biodiesel; Lipid extraction; Carbon sequestration; Growth optimization 1 Introduction Biodiesel production has gained significant attention in recent years as an alternative to fossil fuels due to its potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on non-renewable energy sources. Biodiesel is a renewable, biodegradable, and non-toxic fuel that can be produced from various feedstocks, including vegetable oils, animal fats, and algae. The global energy crisis, coupled with the environmental impacts of fossil fuels, has driven research and development in sustainable biofuel alternatives, with biodiesel emerging as a promising solution (Mallick et al., 2016). The production of biodiesel from microalgae, in particular, has shown great potential due to its high lipid content and ability to grow in diverse environments, including non-arable land and wastewater (Huang et al., 2018). Marine microalgae have emerged as a highly promising feedstock for biodiesel production due to several advantageous characteristics. They possess a high growth rate, significant lipid accumulation, and the ability to grow in saline water, which reduces the competition with agricultural crops for freshwater resources (Atmanli, 2020). Marine microalgae can also utilize CO2 from industrial emissions, thus contributing to carbon sequestration and reducing greenhouse gas emissions (Dickinson et al., 2017). Furthermore, the cultivation of marine microalgae does not require arable land, making it a sustainable option for large-scale biodiesel production (Dharani et al., 2020). The primary objective of this research is to optimize the application and cultivation of marine microalgae for biodiesel production. This involves identifying the most suitable marine microalgae species, optimizing their growth conditions, and developing cost-effective harvesting and lipid extraction techniques. The research aims to address the technical and economic challenges associated with large-scale biodiesel production from marine microalgae, including strain selection, biomass productivity, lipid content, and downstream processing
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