Journal of Energy Bioscience 2024, Vol.15, No.1, 48-59 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/jeb 48 Research Insight Open Access Application and Economic Analysis of Pyrolysis Technology for Industrial Waste in Biofuel Production Kaiwen Liang Agri-Products Application Center, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resouces, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China Corresponding email: Kaiwen.liang@hitar.org Journal of Energy Bioscience, 2024, Vol.15, No.1 doi: 10.5376/jeb.2024.15.0006 Received: 11 Jan., 2024 Accepted: 15 Feb., 2024 Published: 27 Feb., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Liang, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Liang K.W., 2024, Application and economic analysis of pyrolysis technology for industrial waste in biofuel production, Journal of Energy Bioscience, 15(1): 48-59 (doi: 10.5376/jeb.2024.15.0006) Abstract The increasing volume of industrial waste poses significant environmental challenges, necessitating sustainable waste management solutions. Pyrolysis technology, a thermochemical decomposition process, offers a promising approach for converting various types of industrial waste into valuable products such as bio-oil, syngas, and biochar. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of pyrolysis technology, encompassing its fundamental mechanisms, applications for different types of industrial waste, and economic viability. Key aspects include the definition and types of pyrolysis, the chemical and thermal processes involved, and the characteristics of feedstocks impacting the pyrolysis outcomes. The study highlights the potential of pyrolysis for processing plastics, rubber, electronic waste, and agricultural residues, emphasizing pre-treatment requirements and process optimization for maximum yield and efficiency. Additionally, an economic analysis of pyrolysis for biofuel production is presented, covering cost-benefit considerations, market value of pyrolysis products, and comparative analysis with other waste-to-energy technologies. Case studies of successful pyrolysis projects globally are examined to identify operational challenges, economic outcomes, and sustainability impacts. The study also addresses the environmental benefits, lifecycle assessment, and role of pyrolysis in the circular economy. Finally, policy implications, regulatory frameworks, and incentives for adopting pyrolysis technology are discussed, along with future research directions and emerging trends in the field. The findings underscore the significant potential of pyrolysis as a sustainable solution for industrial waste management and biofuel production, with implications for industry stakeholders and policymakers. Keywords Pyrolysis; Industrial waste management; Biofuel production; Economic analysis; Sustainable technology Industrial waste management poses significant challenges due to the increasing volume and complexity of waste generated by industrial activities. The improper disposal of industrial waste can lead to severe environmental pollution, including soil contamination, water pollution, and air quality degradation. Traditional waste management methods, such as landfilling and incineration, often result in the release of harmful pollutants and greenhouse gases, exacerbating environmental and public health issues (Hasan et al., 2021; Sakthipriya et al., 2021). Additionally, the depletion of landfill space and the rising costs associated with waste disposal necessitate the development of more sustainable and efficient waste management solutions (Su et al., 2021). Sustainable waste management is crucial for mitigating the adverse environmental impacts of industrial waste and promoting resource conservation. By adopting sustainable practices, industries can reduce their carbon footprint, minimize waste generation, and recover valuable resources from waste streams. This approach aligns with the principles of a circular economy, where waste is viewed as a resource that can be reused, recycled, or converted into valuable products (Elkhalifa et al., 2019; Igliński et al., 2023). Sustainable waste management not only addresses environmental concerns but also offers economic benefits by reducing disposal costs and creating new revenue streams from recovered materials (Kim et al., 2020). Pyrolysis is a thermochemical conversion process that decomposes organic materials in the absence of oxygen to produce biofuels, biochar, and syngas. This technology has gained attention as a viable solution for converting industrial waste into valuable energy products. Pyrolysis can process a wide range of waste materials, including municipal solid waste, biomass, plastics, and waste oils, making it a versatile and efficient waste management option. The process conditions, such as temperature and residence time, can be optimized to maximize the yield
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