Journal of Energy Bioscience 2024, Vol.15, No.1, 10-19 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/jeb 13 China, with a total installed capacity of 10.59 GW. Most of these projects are located in rural areas, bringing employment opportunities and economic income to the local area. Similarly, in Europe, the development of biomass power generation projects has also received strong government support, with the EU's installed capacity of biomass power generation reaching approximately 10 GW. The use of bioenergy can reduce energy costs and promote economic development. The use of bioenergy can reduce the cost of energy, thereby lowering production costs, improving the profitability of enterprises, and promoting economic development. The development and utilization of bioenergy can promote technological innovation and progress, thereby promoting sustainable development. The development of bioenergy requires a large amount of technological support and innovation, which will promote the development and progress of technology, thereby promoting the process of sustainable development. According to data from National Energy Consulting Company, the efficiency of biofuel cells is 25% higher than that of traditional fuel cells, and they emit fewer pollutants. Therefore, biofuel cells are considered one of the important development directions in the future energy field. 2 Challenges and Problems Faced by the Current Development of Bioenergy The problems and challenges faced by the development of bioenergy are multifaceted, including high production costs, insufficient production capacity, carbon emissions, and other issues and challenges that require attention. These issues require joint efforts from the government, enterprises, and all sectors of society. It is necessary to promote the sustainable development of bioenergy and achieve the transformation and upgrading of sustainable energy through technological innovation, policy support, resource protection, and international cooperation (Duarah et al., 2022). 2.1 High production costs High production cost is a major challenge facing the current development of bioenergy. The production of bioenergy requires a large amount of land, water resources, and energy, and the production cost is relatively high. According to data from the International Energy Agency (IEA), the unit production cost of biomass energy is higher than that of fossil energy, with the production cost of liquid biomass energy being more than twice that of solid and gaseous biomass energy. In the EU region, the cost of biodiesel is about 50% higher than traditional diesel, and the cost of bioethanol is about 20%~30% higher than traditional gasoline. Furthermore, the raw material cost of bioenergy is also relatively high, mainly because the raw materials of bioenergy come from resources such as crops and trees, which require a large amount of agricultural and forestry production inputs. The raw material cost of biomass energy in the United States accounts for over 60% of its total cost, and the increase in raw material cost is often one of the main reasons for the increase in production costs. In addition, the production process of bioenergy requires specific technical support, which also increases production costs. To solve the problem of high production costs, technological innovation and equipment upgrades can be considered to improve production efficiency and reduce costs. In addition, the government can encourage enterprises to invest in the production and research and development of bioenergy through tax policies and subsidies, in order to reduce production costs. There have been some technological innovations in the field of biomass combustion in biomass energy production, such as biomass gasification technology and biomass combustion waste gas recovery technology, which can improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce production costs. Moreover, the government can encourage enterprises to invest in the production and research and development of bioenergy through subsidies and tax policies to reduce production costs. 2.2 Insufficient production capacity Insufficient production capacity is also a challenge facing the current development of bioenergy. According to data from the United Nations Environment Programme, only about 5% to 6% of agricultural waste is used for energy production globally each year. It means there is still a large amount of biomass resources that are not utilized.
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