Genomics and Applied Biology 2026, Vol.17, No.1, 51-60 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/gab 58 Sowing and harvesting are more smooth. For example, precision sowing machines can plant seeds at the set intervals, and the plant spacing is more uniform; during harvesting, the size of the tubers is relatively consistent, and the loss and damage will also be reduced. After the field population becomes orderly, subsequent management and monitoring will also be more standardized. In summary, combining reasonable plant spacing with mechanization is more conducive to improving the efficiency and income of large-scale potato production (He et al., 2018; Li et al., 2021). 7.3 Problems and countermeasures in technology promotion During the actual promotion process, dense planting did not go as smoothly as expected. Some concerns were raised at the outset. Many farmers were worried that if the planting density was increased, they might end up using more seeds but not necessarily increase their income. Therefore, they preferred to wait and see. In response to this situation, demonstration fields and on-site observations often carry more persuasive power. Combined with training on water, fertilizer, and pest control management, the risks of trial planting can be reduced. On the other hand, the investment in seed potatoes and fertilizers brought by dense planting is indeed relatively high, and it will compress profits in the short term. This requires subsidy support or through methods such as whole-seed sowing or cut-seed sowing to reduce costs. At the same time, in areas with insufficient machinery conditions, manual dense planting is time-consuming and labor-intensive, which also affects enthusiasm. Introducing suitable agricultural machinery or providing unified operation services would be more realistic. Gradually resolving these problems will enable the technology to be truly accepted and applied (Zhang et al., 2019; Spielman et al., 2020). 8 Conclusion and Outlook When all the observations made during the field trials are combined, it is actually not difficult to determine the effect of dense planting. Compared with the planting methods commonly used by farmers, when the density is around 50 000 to 60 000 plants per hectare, the yield per unit area usually increases, with an increase rate generally above 20%. At the same time, the size distribution of the tubers has also changed, with medium-sized tubers becoming more concentrated, and small tubers and deformed tubers significantly reduced. It seems more orderly. However, simply increasing the density is not enough. After the density is increased, if the water and fertilizer supply is insufficient and the disease and pest control is not in place, the competition among the plants will actually intensify. The demonstration results in typical production areas show that as long as the conditions are suitable and the management measures are in place, reasonable dense planting is completely feasible in production and can indeed bring relatively stable increases in yield and improvement in benefits (Li et al., 2020; Meng et al., 2025). In previous discussions on dense planting, the focus was mainly on "whether more yield could be achieved", with little attention paid to quality. This study, however, took a different approach, examining the changes in yield and the commercial quality of tubers together, with particular attention paid to more sensitive indicators such as uniformity in actual production. Based on this, we combined density adjustment with row and plant spacing, water and fertilizer management, and pest and disease control to form a relatively complete cultivation concept. The field application results showed that this approach not only could stabilize the yield but also could simultaneously improve the quality. The relevant conclusions have reference value for the production department in formulating high-yield and high-quality plans, provide a basis for flexible application of dense planting technology under different ecological conditions, and have practical significance for improving the overall efficiency of the potato industry (Zebarth et al., 2018; Rens et al., 2021). Based on the current results, there are still many aspects of the dense planting method that warrant further exploration. Different varieties have varying responses to density. If the relationship between varieties and appropriate densities can be clearly identified through experiments, it will provide more confidence when promoting this method. Additionally, the data from one location per year is inherently limited. Multi-location and continuous-year verification is necessary to determine the stability of the effects and to identify potential problems such as soil nutrient depletion or disease accumulation in advance. The understanding of changes within the dense
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