Genomics and Applied Biology 2024, Vol.15, No.5, 264-275 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/gab 270 Figure 3 Piglets immunized with ASFV-ΔH240R-Δ7R provide protection against lethal challenge of ASFV HLJ/18 (Adopted from Li et al., 2023) Image caption: (A) Schematic diagram of animal experiment design. The ASFV-ΔH240R-Δ7R-immunized piglets and cohabiting piglets (C1, C2, C3, and C4) were challenged with a virulent parental ASFV HLJ/18 as indicated. (B) Rectal temperatures of piglets in the virulent challenge. (C) Survival rate of piglets in the virulent challenge (Adopted from Li et al., 2023) 7 Future Directions and Potential of Gene Editing in ASFV Research 7.1 Advancements in gene editing technologies Recent advancements in gene editing technologies, particularly the development of zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and the CRISPR/Cas9 system, have revolutionized the field of genetic research. These tools allow for precise and targeted modifications of the genome, which is crucial for studying the pathogenesis of African swine fever virus (ASFV). The CRISPR/Cas9 system, in particular, has gained widespread popularity due to its simplicity, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness (Gupta and Shukla, 2017; Li et al., 2020; Hawsawi et al., 2022). The ability to introduce site-specific double-stranded DNA breaks has enabled researchers to create more accurate models of ASFV infection and to identify key viral and host factors involved in the disease process (Mahas et al., 2017; Manghwar et al., 2019). Future advancements in these technologies, such as improved delivery methods and reduced off-target effects, will further enhance their utility in ASFV research (Yin et al., 2017; Serajian et al., 2021). 7.2 Integration of multi-omics approaches The integration of multi-omics approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, with gene editing technologies holds great promise for advancing our understanding of ASFV pathogenesis. By combining these approaches, researchers can obtain a comprehensive view of the molecular mechanisms underlying ASFV infection and identify potential therapeutic targets. For instance, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockouts can be used to study the function of specific genes in the context of ASFV infection, while transcriptomic and proteomic analyses can provide insights into the changes in gene expression and protein levels that occur during infection (Rui et al., 2019; Pavlovic et al., 2020). This holistic approach will enable the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, paving the way for the development of more effective ASFV treatments (Ma and Liu, 2015; Manghwar et al., 2019).
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