Genomics and Applied Biology 2024, Vol.15, No.3, 132-141 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/gab 132 Systematic Review Open Access Nutritional Genomics in Pet Animals: Interactions between Diet and Genetics Zhaolin Wang1 , Xiaofang Lin 2 1 Ruipai Pet Hospital, Sanya, 572000, China 2 Tropical Animal Medicine Center of Hainan Tropical Agricultural Resources Research Institute, Sanya, 572025, China Corresponding author: 745457309@qq.com Genomics and Applied Biology, 2024, Vol.15, No.3 doi: 10.5376/gab.2024.15.0015 Received: 28 Mar., 2024 Accepted: 06 May, 2024 Published: 17 May, 2024 Copyright © 2024 Wang and Lin, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Wang Z.L., and Lin X.F., 2024, Nutritional genomics in pet animals: interactions between diet and genetics, Genomics and Applied Biology, 15(3): 132-141 (doi: 10.5376/gab.2024.15.015) Abstract Nutrigenomics, a rapidly evolving field, studies the complex interactions between diet and genetics, aiming to provide personalized nutritional strategies for optimal health. In pets, this emerging area of research focuses on understanding how genetic variation influences nutritional needs and dietary responses. This study highlights key aspects of pet nutrigenomics, including the role of genetic markers in nutrient metabolism, breed-specific genetic influences on diet, and the effects of macronutrient composition on gene expression. It also discusses the application of high-throughput genomic technologies, the development of personalized pet diets, and the integration of genomics into veterinary practice. While nutrigenomics holds great promise, challenges such as ethical considerations, technical barriers, and economic limitations must be addressed. Future research opportunities lie in advancing breed-specific nutritional strategies and further exploring the interaction between diet and gene expression. The application of nutrigenomics in veterinary medicine has the potential to revolutionize pet health, providing more precise interventions to improve longevity and quality of life. Keywords Nutritional genomics; Pet nutrition; Genetic markers; Breed-specific nutrition; Nutrient-gene interactions 1 Introduction The field of nutritional genomics, also known as nutrigenomics, explores the intricate interactions between diet and genetic factors to understand how nutrients influence gene expression and how an individual’s genetic makeup can affect their response to specific dietary components. Initially focused on human health, this field has now expanded to companion animals. Pet owners are increasingly seeking personalized nutrition for their pets, recognizing that animals, like humans, have unique genetic profiles influencing their health and dietary needs. The rise in demand for personalized pet nutrition demonstrates the need for deeper insights into how genetics and nutrition interact to improve overall pet health. Nutritional genomics studies how nutrients interact with the genome, regulating gene expression and metabolic pathways, and influencing health outcomes. By understanding these interactions, personalized nutrition can be tailored to the genetic makeup of individual pets to optimize their health. This means diets can be specifically designed to cater to each pet’s unique genetic profile, much like approaches used in human nutrigenomics (Rozga and Handu, 2019). Nutritional genomics has already demonstrated potential in human health for preventing chronic diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular conditions, with similar applications now being explored for animals (Franzago et al., 2020; Rahman et al., 2020). The application of nutritional genomics in pet health offers significant benefits, including the ability to prevent or manage diseases like obesity, diabetes, and digestive disorders through personalized diets tailored to a pet’s genetic predispositions (Bordoni and Gabbianelli, 2019). Nutrigenomics allows for breed-specific diets or individualized plans, enhancing health and performance while potentially extending a pet's lifespan (Mullins et al., 2020). Furthermore, it provides veterinarians with more precise tools for disease prevention and management, improving the overall quality of life for pets. This study will provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of nutrigenomics in pets, focusing on how diet and genetic factors interact to influence health outcomes. The research emphasizes the importance of
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