Genomics and Applied Biology 2024, Vol.15, No.2, 107-119 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/gab 116 While the advancements in gene editing technologies for mosquito research are promising, several challenges and areas for future research remain. The potential ecological impacts of releasing genetically modified mosquitoes into the environment need to be thoroughly assessed to ensure that these interventions do not inadvertently harm ecosystems. Additionally, the development of more efficient and species-specific gene editing tools will be essential for expanding the applicability of these technologies to a broader range of mosquito species. Future research should also focus on integrating these genetic approaches with other control strategies, such as the use of Wolbachia bacteria, to enhance their effectiveness and sustainability. As the field continues to evolve, interdisciplinary collaborations and advancements in related technologies, such as artificial intelligence, will likely play a crucial role in overcoming current limitations and achieving the goal of eradicating mosquito-borne diseases. Acknowledgments The authors are deeply grateful to Professor Zhang Wenfei from the School of Life Sciences at Hainan Normal University for carefully reading this manuscript and providing highly valuable suggestions for revision. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Adolfi A., and Lycett G., 2018, Opening the toolkit for genetic analysis and control of Anopheles mosquito vectors, Current Opinion in Insect Science, 30: 8-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2018.07.014 Adolfi A., Gantz V., Jasinskiene N., Lee H., Hwang K., Terradas G., Bulger E., Ramaiah A., Bennett J., Emerson J., Marshall J., Bier E., and James A., 2020, Efficient population modification gene-drive rescue system in the malaria mosquito Anopheles stephensi, Nature Communications, 11: 5553. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19426-0 Bak R., Gomez-Ospina N., and Porteus M., 2018, Gene editing on center stage, Trends in Genetics: TIG, 34(8): 600-611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2018.05.004 Bettis A., Jackson M., Yoon I., Breugelmans J., Goios A., Gubler D., and Powers A., 2022, The global epidemiology of chikungunya from 1999 to 2020: A systematic literature review to inform the development and introduction of vaccines, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 16(1): e0010069. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010069 Bohers C., Mousson L., Madec Y., Vazeille M., Rhim A., M'ghirbi Y., Bouattour A., and Failloux A., 2020, The recently introduced Aedes albopictus in Tunisia has the potential to transmit chikungunya, dengue and Zika viruses, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14(10): e0008475. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008475 Bottino-Rojas V., and James A., 2022, Use of insect promoters in genetic engineering to control mosquito-borne diseases, Biomolecules, 13(1): 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13010016 Caragata E., Dong S., Dong Y., Simões M., Tikhe C., and Dimopoulos G., 2020, Prospects and pitfalls: next-generation tools to control mosquito-transmitted disease, Annual Review of Microbiology, 74: 455-475. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-micro-011320-025557 Carballar-Lejarazú R., Ogaugwu C., Tushar T., Kelsey A., Pham T., Murphy J., Schmidt H., Lee Y., Lanzaro G., and James A., 2020, Next-generation gene drive for population modification of the malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117: 22805-22814. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010214117 Castro N., Bjelic J., Malhotra G., Huang C., and Alsaffar S., 2021, Comparison of the feasibility, efficiency, and safety of genome editing technologies, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910355 Chaverra-Rodriguez D., Macias V., Hughes G., Pujhari S., Suzuki Y., Peterson D., Kim D., McKeand S., and Rasgon J., 2018, Targeted delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein into arthropod ovaries for heritable germline gene editing, Nature Communications, 9: 3008. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-05425-9 Che L., He Z., Liu Y., Yan Z., Han B., Chen X., He X., Zhang J., Chen B., and Qiao L., 2020, Electroporation-mediated nucleic acid delivery during non-embryonic stages for gene-function analysis in Anopheles sinensis, Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 128: 103500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103500
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