Genomics and Applied Biology 2024, Vol.15, No.2, 75-88 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/gab 76 investigating the whole-genome duplication events and other significant evolutionary processes that have shaped the genome of E. ulmoides. Furthermore, it seeks to understand the genetic basis of traits by identifying and characterizing the genetic loci and pathways involved in key traits such as rubber biosynthesis, growth traits, and secondary metabolite production. Additionally, the study aims to enhance breeding programs by providing genomic resources and markers that can be utilized in marker-assisted selection and breeding programs to develop superior varieties of E. ulmoides with improved yield and quality. Lastly, this study contributed to the conservation of this endangered species and explore its potential for industrial and medicinal applications. By achieving these objectives, this study will not only advance our understanding of the genetic and evolutionary mechanisms underlying the unique traits of E. ulmoides but also pave the way for its sustainable utilization and conservation. 2 Overview of E. ulmoides E. ulmoides, or the hardy rubber tree, is a deciduous tree native to China, growing up to 15-20 meters with a broad canopy. Its grayish-brown bark becomes deeply furrowed with age, and its dark green, glossy leaves exude latex when broken. Small, greenish flowers appear in early spring before the leaves, and its fruit is a single-seed samara ripening in autumn. Economically valuable for its natural rubber, it also provides medicinal products. The bark, known as Du Zhong, is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat hypertension, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and to support bone, muscle, and cardiovascular health (Kim et al., 2009; Jin et al., 2020). Recent research suggests potential anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective effects. Genetic and molecular studies have identified key genes in the biosynthesis of rubber and bioactive compounds, using techniques like CRISPR/Cas9 for improved production. Study also focuses on genetic diversity and breeding for superior industrial and medicinal traits (Figure 1). Figure 1 Illustrating the botanical description, economic, medicinal significance, key genetic and molecular research of E. ulmoides 2.1 Botanical description and distribution E. ulmoides, commonly known as the Hardy Rubber Tree, is a dioecious woody perennial species native to China. It is characterized by its ability to produce rubber and its significant medicinal properties. This specie is typically found in temperate regions and is well-adapted to various environmental conditions, making it a valuable resource for both ecological and economic purposes (Li et al., 2020; Du et al., 2023).
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzMg==