Genomics and Applied Biology 2024, Vol.15, No.2, 64-74 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/gab 72 Despite the promising advancements, there are several limitations and gaps in the current research. One major challenge is the ecological risk associated with the release of genetically engineered microbes into the environment. The potential for horizontal gene transfer and the impact on native microbial communities need to be thoroughly assessed (Wu et al., 2021). Additionally, the scalability of these bioremediation techniques remains a significant hurdle. While laboratory and pilot-scale studies have shown success, large-scale implementation requires further research and development (Singal and Kaur, 2023). There is also a need for more comprehensive studies on the long-term effects and sustainability of using engineered SynComs in various environmental settings (Pandey et al., 2021; Singal and Kaur, 2023). The future of bioremediation lies in the continued innovation and integration of synthetic biology, genetic engineering, and environmental science. The development of more robust and versatile microbial communities capable of degrading a wide range of pollutants will be crucial in addressing the growing environmental challenges (Pant et al., 2020; Tran et al., 2021). The use of advanced biotechnological tools, such as CRISPR-Cas systems and metabolic engineering, will further enhance the efficiency and specificity of bioremediation processes (Sharma and Shukla, 2020; Wu et al., 2021). However, it is essential to balance these technological advancements with rigorous ecological risk assessments and regulatory frameworks to ensure the safe and sustainable application of these methods (Wu et al., 2021). Continued innovation and research in the field of bioremediation are vital for developing effective solutions to combat environmental pollution. The exploration of new microbial strains, the optimization of genetic engineering techniques, and the development of novel bioreactor designs will play a key role in advancing this field (Sharma and Shukla, 2020; Pandey et al., 2021). Collaborative efforts between scientists, policymakers, and industry stakeholders are necessary to translate these research findings into practical applications that can be implemented on a global scale (Singal and Kaur, 2023). By fostering a multidisciplinary approach and investing in cutting-edge research, we can pave the way for a cleaner and more sustainable environment. Acknowledgments The author thanks the two anonymous peer reviewers for their comments and suggestions on the manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Ahluwalia A., and Sekhon B., 2012, Bioremediation: Current scenario and a necessity in immediate future, Environmental Science: an Indian Journal, 7. Akash A., Pathak V.M., Babu N., Navneet N., 2022, Bioremediation of environmental pollutants, Research Anthology on Emerging Techniques in Environmental Remediation, 25. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3540-9.CH005 Ancos-Pintado R., Bragado-García I., Morales M., García-Vicente R., Arroyo-Barea A., Rodríguez-García A., Martínez-López J., Linares M., and Hernández-Sánchez M., 2022, High-throughput CRISPR screening in hematological neoplasms, Cancers, 14(5): 3612. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153612 Bala S., Garg D., Thirumalesh B., Sharma M., Sridhar K., Inbaraj B., and Tripathi M., 2022, Recent strategies for bioremediation of emerging pollutants: a review for a green and sustainable environment, Toxics, 10(8): 484. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10080484 Benjamin S., Lima F., and Rathoure A., 2019, Genetically engineered microorganisms for bioremediation processes, Biotechnology, 28. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8903-7.ch067 Chan Y., Lu Y., Wu J., Zhang C., Tan H., Bian Z., Wang N., and Feng Y., 2022, CRISPR-Cas9 library screening approach for anti-cancer drug discovery: overview and perspectives, Theranostics, 12(7): 3329-3344. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.71144 Chen W., Bruhlmann F., Richins R., and Mulchandani A., 1999, Engineering of improved microbes and enzymes for bioremediation, Curr. Opin. Biotech., 10(2): 137-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-1669(99)80023-8
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