Genomics and Applied Biology 2024, Vol.15, No.1, 8-11 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/gab 9 genes between R570's main chromosomes and chromosomes 1 to 10 of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor v.3.1.1), colored according to ancestral contributions in R570. Figure 2c is a homology map between R570 and related genomes generated by GENESPACE, from bottom to top: sorghum, wild sugarcane genotype AP85-441, R570's main genome, and the assembly of R570's haplotype genome. This chart aids researchers in understanding the complex homology between R570 and other species' genomes. Figure 1 The pedigree and genome organization of R570 hybrid sugarcane Figure 2 The genome assembly of sugarcane cultivar R570 Figure 3 focuses on the Bru1 gene locus in the sugarcane variety R570, which is associated with resistance to brown rust disease. Figure 3a shows leaves from two selfed progenies of R570: the upper leaf carries the Bru1 locus and exhibits resistance to brown rust disease; the lower leaf lacks the Bru1 locus, showing susceptibility to the disease. Figure 3b displays the filled haplotype assembly, identifying the TKP gene as the candidate causative gene for persistent resistance to brown rust disease. In the diagram, blue pentagons represent organized gene models, and gray pentagons represent large transposable elements. Candidate genes TKP7 and TKP8 for Bru1 are shown in red and marked on the 3D chromosome. This indicates that through detailed gene localization and functional annotation, researchers can identify key genes related to sugarcane's disease resistance traits, which is significant for breeding. 2 Analysis of Research Findings This study successfully constructed an 870 million base pair polyploid reference genome for the sugarcane variety R570, revealing the complex genome structure resulting from the hybridization of Saccharum officinarum and Saccharum spontaneum. Identifying 194,593 genes, the study provides a critical foundation for research into sugarcane's genetic diversity and molecular breeding. Through detailed analysis of the R570 genome, the study not only revealed the genetic contributions of parent species to modern varieties, especially in disease resistance and sugar accumulation but also identified candidate genes for the brown rust resistance gene Bru1, offering molecular tools for improving sugarcane's disease resistance in the future. Additionally, the study delved into the structural variations in the sugarcane genome, the diversity of orthologous genes, and the evolution of specific functional genes, uncovering the relationship between sugar accumulation and certain gene families. This research not only deepens our understanding of the complexity of the sugarcane genome but also provides valuable genetic resources for sugarcane breeding, disease management, and biotechnological improvements, marking a new phase in sugarcane genome research.
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