Computational Molecular Biology 2025, Vol.15, No.2, 65-74 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/cmb 68 Their expression patterns in petals and leaves are completely different. It is obvious at a glance that they play a key role in the synthesis of carotenoids and flavonoids. So you see, the matter of flower color is not as simple as just turning a few genes on and off. When and where it is expressed is actually very delicate. 4 Case Study: Role of BnMYB111 in Anthocyanin Accumulation 4.1 Selection criteria for the case study The reason why BnMYB111 was chosen as the research subject this time is mainly because this gene is extremely crucial in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway of rape-after all, anthocyanins directly determine whether the petals can show red, purple or blue. Although flower color formation is influenced by many factors, MYB transcription factors such as BnMYB111 are definitely the "core figures" in the regulatory camp. They can not only activate downstream anthocyanin synthesis genes, but also directly affect the accumulation level of pigments (Figure 1) (Hao et al., 2022). Figure 1 Inflorescence individuals and unopened petals phenotypes of Brassica napus with red (Zhehuhong, V1), white (Zhehubai, V2), yellow (Zheyou 50, V3) color, and the transgenic lines (ans#8 and ans#12 indicated RNAi-1 and RNAi-2 plants; ANS-OE indicated overexpression plants). Numbers on the top of unopened petals in V1 represented 4 development stages. R numbers represent colors alignment to RAL methods. Bars at the left bottom represent 1 cm and bars at the right bottom represent 0.5 cm (Adopted from Hao et al., 2022) For instance, previous genetic analyses and multi-omics data have found that BnaA07.PAP2, which is closely related to it, is actually one of the main switches for the formation of flower color in rape. It is particularly active in flowers with darker colors such as apricot and pink, and encodes a protein located in the cell nucleus. When actually conducting functional verification, it was also found that once some editing was made to the MYB gene, anthocyanin coloring would be significantly deepened, and incidentally, the stress resistance of the plant was also improved-whether it was pests and diseases or environmental stress, it was easier to cope (Klees et al., 2021).
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