Computational Molecular Biology 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 28-35 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/cmb 28 Review and Progress Open Access Network Biology Reveals New Strategies for Understanding the Relationship Between Protein Function and Disease Jiayao Zhou Institute of Life Science, Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China Corresponding email: 2013478397@qq.com Computational Molecular Biology, 2024, Vol.14, No.1 doi: 10.5376/cmb.2024.14.0004 Received: 19 Dec., 2023 Accepted: 10 Feb., 2024 Published: 23 Feb., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Zhou, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Zhou J.Y., 2024, Network biology reveals new strategies for understanding the relationship between protein function and disease, Computational Molecular Biology, 14(1): 28-35 (doi: 10.5376/cmb.2024.14.0004) Abstract Network biology is capable of comprehensively analyzing the interaction networks among biomolecules, providing crucial theoretical support and practical guidance for revealing disease mechanisms, optimizing drug development, and promoting precision medicine. This review introduces the basic concepts of network biology and its importance in studying the relationship between protein function and disease, while pointing out the limitations of traditional biological methods in research. It further delves into how network biology integrates multi-omics data to reveal the relationship between protein function and disease, and explores its applications in identifying key disease proteins, predicting drug targets, and understanding the mechanisms of disease occurrence and development. Additionally, it discusses the practical applications of new strategies in network biology in disease diagnosis and treatment, including early diagnosis, prognostic assessment, personalized treatment, and drug development and optimization. This review summarizes the significant role of network biology in studying the relationship between protein function and disease and looks forward to future research directions. The research in this review not only helps deepen our understanding of the relationship between protein function and disease, but also provides new strategies and methods for disease diagnosis and treatment. Keywords Network biology; Protein function; Disease relationship; Multi-omics data; Personalized treatment With the rapid development of biotechnology, proteins, as vital executors of life activities, play a crucial role in understanding life phenomena, disease mechanisms, and drug development (Liu et al., 2020). However, the complexity and diversity of protein functions pose significant challenges to traditional biological research methods. In recent years, network biology, an emerging interdisciplinary field, has provided new perspectives and strategies for elucidating the relationships between protein functions and diseases. Network biology employs graph theory and complex network analysis to construct biological network models such as protein interaction networks and metabolic networks, thereby revealing the complex relationships between biomolecules. Through the analysis of network biology, it is possible to more systematically understand the interactions and regulatory mechanisms of proteins within organisms, and thus disclose their critical roles in the development of diseases (Diogo et al., 2018). The new strategies of network biology offer a novel approach. Network analysis places proteins within the entire biological network to explore their interactions with other biomolecules, thereby uncovering their key roles in the development of diseases. Moreover, network biology can also leverage big data and machine learning technologies to perform high-throughput predictions and analyses of protein functions, greatly enhancing research efficiency and accuracy (David et al., 2020). This study aims to use the new strategies of network biology to reveal the relationships between protein functions and diseases, providing new ideas and methods for the treatment and prevention of diseases. By network analysis, it hopes to identify key proteins closely related to diseases, unveil their molecular mechanisms in disease development, offer a theoretical basis for early diagnosis and precise treatment of diseases, and promote the application and development of network biology in the study of protein functions and disease relationships, thereby injecting new vitality into biomedical research.
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